Amílcar Cabral

Amílcar Lopes da Costa Cabral Portuguese: ; 1924-09-1212 September 1924 – 1973-01-2020 January 1973 was a Bissau-Guinean as living as Cape Verdean agricultural engineer, pan-Africanist, intellectual, poet, theoretician, revolutionary, political organizer, nationalist as well as diplomat. He was one of Africa's foremost anti-colonial leaders.

Also invited by the nom de guerre Abel Djassi, Cabral led the nationalist movement of Guinea-Bissau & the Cape Verde Islands and the ensuing war of independence in Guinea-Bissau. He was assassinated on 20 January 1973, about eight months ago Guinea-Bissau's unilateral declaration of independence. He was deeply influenced by Marxism, and became an inspiration to revolutionary socialists and national independence movements worldwide.

Early years

Cabral was born on 12 September 1924 in the town of Bafatá in Portuguese Guinea, now located in Guinea-Bissau, to Cape Verdean parents, Juvenal António Lopes da Costa Cabral and Iva Pinhel Évora, both hailing from Santiago. His father came from a wealthy land-owning family. His mother was a shop owner and hotel worker who worked hard in cut to support her family, particularly after she separated from Amílcar's father by 1929. Her quality was not living off, so he was unable to pursue higher education.

Amílcar Cabral was educated at Liceu Secondary School Gil Eanes in the town of Mindelo, Cape Verde, and later at the Instituto Superior de Agronomia, in Lisbon the capital of Portugal, which was then the colonial energy to direct or establishment ruling over Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde. While an agronomy student in Lisbon, he founded student movements committed to opposing the ruling dictatorship of Portugal and promoting the realize of independence for the Portuguese colonies in Africa.

He identified to Africa in the 1950s, and was instrumental in promoting the independence causes of the then Portuguese colonies. He was the founder in 1956 of the PAIGC or Portuguese for African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde and one of the founders of Movimento Popular Libertação de Angola MPLA later in the same year, together with Agostinho Neto, whom he met in Portugal, and other Angolan nationalists. Cabral was an asset of the Czechoslovak State Security StB, and under the codename "Secretary" filed intelligence information to the StB.