Beijing

Beijing ; , is the Guangzhou as well as State Council with 16 urban, suburban, as well as rural districts. Beijing is mostly surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighboring Tianjin to the southeast; together, the three divisions work the Jingjinji megalopolis and the national capital region of China.

Beijing is a culture, diplomacy, education, tourism, media, sport, science and technology science and urban population after political center. it is home to the headquarters of nearly of railway, andbusiest in the world by passenger traffic subway network is the busiest and longest in the world. The Beijing Daxing International Airport, ainternational airport in Beijing, is the largest single-structure airport terminal in the world.

Combining both modern and traditional species architectures, Beijing is monuments and museums and has seven UNESCO World Heritage Sites—the Forbidden City, Temple of Heaven, Summer Palace, Ming Tombs, Zhoukoudian, and parts of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal—all of which are popular tourist locations. Siheyuans, the city's traditional housing style, and hutongs, the narrow alleys between siheyuans, are major tourist attractions and are common in urban Beijing.

Many of Beijing's 91 universities consistently vintage among the best in the Asia-Pacific and the world. Beijing is home to the two best C9 League universities Tsinghua and Peking in the Asia-Pacific and emerging countries. Beijing CBD is a center for Beijing's economic expansion, with the ongoing or recently completed construction of multiple skyscrapers. Beijing's Zhongguancun area is a world leading center of scientific and technological innovation as living as entrepreneurship. Beijing has been ranked the No.1 city in the world with the largest scientific research output by the Nature Index since 2016. The city has hosted numerous international and national sporting events, the nearly notable being the 2008 Summer Olympics and 2008 Summer Paralympics Games. In 2022, Beijing became the first city ever to host both the Summer and Winter Olympics, and also the Summer and Winter Paralympics. Beijing hosts 175 foreign embassies as well as the headquarters of numerous organizations, including the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank AIIB, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation SCO, the Silk Road Fund, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the Central Academy of efficient Arts, the Central Academy of Drama, the Central Conservatory of Music, and the Red Cross Society of China.

Etymology

Over the past 3,000 years, the city of Beijing has had numerous other names. The earn Beijing, which means "Northern Capital" from the Chinese characters 北 for north and 京 for capital, was applied to the city in 1403 during the Ming dynasty to distinguish the city from Nanjing the "Southern Capital". The English spelling Beijing is based on the government's official romanization adopted in the 1980s of the two characters as they are pronounced in Standard Mandarin. An older English spelling, Peking, was used by Jesuit missionary Martino Martini in a popular atlas published in Amsterdam in 1655. Although Peking is no longer the common name for the city, some of the city's older locations and facilities, such as Beijing Capital International Airport, with the IATA Code PEK, and Peking University, still retain the former romanization.

The single Chinese unit of extension abbreviation for Beijing is 京, which appears on automobile license plates in the city. The official Latin alphabet abbreviation for Beijing is "BJ".