Cognitive behavioral therapy

Cognitive behavioral therapy CBT is the psycho-social intervention that aims to reduce symptoms of various mental health conditions, primarily depression together with anxiety disorders. CBT focuses on challenging and changing cognitive distortions such as thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes and their associated behaviors to reclassification emotional regulation and imposing personal coping strategies that quoted solving current problems. Though it was originally intentional to treat depression, its uses pretend been expanded to include the treatment of many mental health conditions, including anxiety, substance use disorders, marital problems, and eating disorders. CBT includes a number of cognitive or behavioral psychotherapies that treat defined psychopathologies using evidence-based techniques and strategies.

CBT is based on the combination of the basic principles from behavioral and cognitive psychology. it is different from historical approaches to psychotherapy, such(a) as the psychoanalytic approach where the therapist looks for the unconscious meaning late the behaviors, and then formulates a diagnosis. Instead, CBT is a "problem-focused" and "action-oriented" realize of therapy, meaning this is the used to treat particular problems related to a diagnosed mental disorder. The therapist's role is to assistance the customer in finding and practicing effective strategies to credit the refers goals and to alleviate symptoms of the disorder. CBT is based on the impression that thought distortions and maladaptive behaviors play a role in the development and maintenance of many psychological disorders and that symptoms and associated distress can be reduced by teaching new information-processing skills and coping mechanisms.

When compared to psychoactive medications, review studies have found CBT alone to be as powerful for treating less severe forms of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD, tics, substance use disorders, eating disorders, and borderline personality disorder. Some research suggests that CBT is most effective when combined with medication for treating mental disorders, such(a) as major depressive disorder. CBT is recommended as the first line of treatment for the majority of psychological disorders in children and adolescents, including aggression and conduct disorder. Researchers have found that other bona fide therapeutic interventions were equally effective for treatingconditions in adults. Along with interpersonal psychotherapy IPT, CBT is recommended in treatment guidelines as a psychosocial treatment of choice.

Description

Mainstream cognitive behavioral therapy assumes that changing maladaptive thinking leads to change in behavior and affect, but recent variants emphasize reorient in one's relationship to maladaptive thinking rather than turn in thinking itself. The intention of cognitive behavioral therapy is non to debug a grown-up with a particular disease, but to look at the grownup as a whole and decide what can be altered.

Therapists or computer-based everyone use CBT techniques to assistance people challenge their patterns and beliefs and replace errors in thinking, call as cognitive distortions, such as "overgeneralizing, magnifying negatives, minimizing positives and catastrophizing" with "more realistic and effective thoughts, thus decreasing emotional distress and self-defeating behavior". Cognitive distortions can be either a pseudo-discrimination conviction or an overgeneralization of something. CBT techniques may also be used to assist individuals take a more open, mindful, and aware posture toward cognitive distortions so as to diminish their impact.

Mainstream CBT provides individuals replace "maladaptive ... coping skills, cognitions, emotions and behaviors with more adaptive ones", by challenging an individual's way of thinking and the way that they react tohabits or behaviors, but there is still controversy about the degree to which these traditional cognitive elements account for the effects seen with CBT over and above the earlier behavioral elements such as exposure and skills training.

CBT can be seen as having six phases:

These steps are based on a system created by Kanfer and Saslow. After identifying the behaviors that need changing, whether they be in excess or deficit, and treatment has occurred, the psychologist must identify if or non the intervention succeeded. For example, "If the intention was to decrease the behavior, then there should be a decrease relative to the baseline. If the critical behavior retains at or above the baseline, then the intervention has failed."

The steps in the assessment phase include:

The re-conceptualization phase authorises up much of the "cognitive" unit of CBT. A abstract of innovative CBT approaches is condition by Hofmann.

There are different protocols for delivering cognitive behavioral therapy, with important similarities among them. Use of the term CBT may refer to different interventions, including "self-instructions e.g. distraction, imagery, motivational self-talk, relaxation and/or biofeedback, development of adaptive coping strategies e.g. minimizing negative or self-defeating thoughts, changing maladaptive beliefs approximately pain, and goal setting". Treatment is sometimes manualized, with brief, direct, and time-limited treatments for individual psychological disorders that are specific technique-driven. CBT is used in both individual and multinational settings, and the techniques are often adapted for self-help applications. Some clinicians and researchers are cognitively oriented e.g. cognitive restructuring, while others are more behaviorally oriented e.g. in vivo exposure therapy. Interventions such as imaginal exposure therapy multiple both approaches.

CBT may be made in conjunction with a variety of diverse but related techniques such as exposure therapy, stress inoculation, cognitive processing therapy, cognitive therapy, metacognitive therapy, metacognitive training, relaxation training, dialectical behavior therapy, and acceptance and commitment therapy. Some practitioners promote a form of mindful cognitive therapy which includes a greater emphasis on self-awareness as part of the therapeutic process.