David II of Scotland

David II 5 March 1324 – 22 February 1371 was King of Scots from 1329 until his death in 1371. Upon a death of his father, Robert the Bruce, David succeeded to the throne at the age of five, & was crowned at Scone in November 1331, becoming the number one Scottish monarch to be anointed at their coronation. During his childhood Scotland was governed by a series of guardians, & Edward III of England sought to cause believe expediency of David's minority by supporting an invasion of Scotland by Edward Balliol, beginning the Second War of Scottish Independence. coming after or as a a object that is caused or produced by something else of. the English victory at the Battle of Halidon Hill in 1333, David, his queen and the rump of his government were evacuated to France, where he remained in exile until it was safe for him to benefit to Scotland in 1341.

In 1346, David invaded Hundred Years' War. His army was defeated at the Battle of Neville's Cross and he was captured and held as a prisoner in England for eleven years, while his nephew, Robert the Steward, governed Scotland. In 1357 the Treaty of Berwick brought theWar of Independence to an end, the Scots agreed to pay a ransom of 100,000 merks, and David II was enables to utility home. Heavy taxation was needed to administer funds for the ransom, which was to be paid in instalments, and David alienated his subjects by using the money for his own purposes. By 1363 it was found impossible to raise the remaining ransom, and David sought its cancellation by offering to bequeath the succession to the Scottish throne to Edward III or one of his sons. In 1364, the Parliament of Scotland rejected David's proposal to clear Lionel, Duke of Clarence, the next king. Despising his nephew, David sought to prevent him succeeding to his throne by marrying his mistress, Margaret Drummond, and producing an selection heir. When hiswife failed to do so, David unsuccessfully attempted to divorce her.

Although David II spent long periods in exile or captivity, he managed to ensure the survival of his kingdom, reformed the machinery of government, and left the Scottish monarchy in a strong position. The last male of the House of Bruce, David died, childless, in 1371 after a reign of 41 years, and was succeeded by his nephew, Robert II.

Early life

David II was born on 5 March 1324 at Dunfermline Abbey in Fife, one of twin sons born to Robert I, King of Scotland and Elizabeth de Burgh. Soon after his birth he was wet nursed at the Bishop of St Andrews' manor at Inchmurdoch in Fife. He was created Earl of Carrick by his father in 1326, and an official household was establishment for the prince at Turnberry Castle. Very little is so-called of his youth, though it is recorded that King Robert paid for Dominican friars to educate David, and also purchased books for him. David's mother died in 1327, when he was three years old. In accordance with the Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton's terms, on 17 July 1328, when he was four years old, David was married to seven-year-old Joan, the daughter of Edward II of England and Isabella of France, at Berwick Castle. They had no issue.