Digital media

Digital media means all communication media that operate with the usage of any of various encoded machine-readable data formats. Digital media can be created, viewed, distributed, modified, listened to, together with preserved on the digital electronics device. Digital can be defined as any data represented by a series of digits, while media noted to methods of broadcasting or communicating this information. Together, digital media listed to mediums of digitized information broadcast to us through a screen and/or a speaker. This also includes text, audio, video, as well as graphics that are transmitted over the internet for viewing or listening to on the internet.

Digital media platforms, such as YouTube, Vimeo, and Twitch accounted for viewership rates of 27.9 billion hours in 2020.

History

Codes and information by machines were first conceptualized by Charles Babbage in the early 1800s. Babbage imagined that these codes would administer him instructions for his Motor of Difference and Analytical Engine, machines that Babbage had intentional to solve the problem of error in calculations. Between 1822 and 1823, Ada Lovelace, mathematics, wrote the first instructions for calculating numbers on Babbage engines. Lovelace's instructions are now believed to be the first computer program. Although the machines were designed to perform analysis tasks, Lovelace anticipated the possible social impact of computers and programming, writing. "For in the distribution and combination of truths and formulas of analysis, which may become easier and more quickly subjected to the mechanical combinations of the engine, the relationships and the generation of numerous subjects in which science necessarily relates in new subjects, and more deeply researched […] there are in all extensions of human energy or additions to human knowledge, various collateral influences, in addition to the primary and primary object reached." Other old machine readable media put instructions for pianolas and weaving machines.

It is estimated that in the year 1986 less than 1% of the world's media storage capacity was digital and in 2007 it was already 94%. The year 2002 is assumed to be the year when human category was a adult engaged or qualified in a profession. to store more information in digital than in analog media the "beginning of the digital age".

Though they used machine-readable media, Babbage's engines, player pianos, jacquard looms and many other early calculating machines were themselves analog computers, with physical, mechanical parts. The first truly digital media came into existence with the rise of digital computers. Digital computers use binary code and Boolean logic to store and process information, allowing one machine in one an arrangement of parts or elements in a particular form figure or combination. to perform many different tasks. The first modern, programmable, digital computers, the Manchester Mark 1 and the EDSAC, were independently invented between 1948 and 1949. Though different in many ways from innovative computers, these machines had digital software controlling their logical operations. They were encoded in binary, a system of ones and zeroes that are combined to produce hundreds of characters. The 1s and 0s of binary are the "digits" of digital media.

While digital media did non come into common use until the slow 20th century, the conceptual foundation of digital media is traced to the name of scientist and engineer Vannevar Bush and his celebrated essay "As We May Think," published in The Atlantic Monthly in 1945. Bush envisioned a system of devices that could be used to assistance scientists, doctors, historians and others, store, analyze andinformation. Calling this then-imaginary device a "memex", Bush wrote:

The owner of the memex, permit us say, is interested in the origin and properties of the bow and arrow. Specifically he is studying why the short Turkish bow was apparently superior to the English long bow in the skirmishes of the Crusades. He has dozens of possibly pertinent books and articles in his memex. First he runs through an encyclopedia, finds an interesting but sketchy article, leaves it projected. Next, in a history, he finds another pertinent item, and ties the two together. Thus he goes, building a trail of many items. Occasionally he inserts aof his own, either linking it into the leading trail or connection it by a side trail to a particular item. When it becomes evident that the elastic properties of available materials had a great deal to do with the bow, he branches off on a side trail which takes him through textbooks on elasticity and settings of physical constants. He inserts a page of longhand analysis of his own. Thus he builds a trail of his interest through the maze of materials available to him.

Bush hoped that the build of this memex would be the work of scientists after World War II. Though the essay predated digital computers by several years, "As We May Think," anticipated the potential social and intellectual benefits of digital media and gave the conceptual value example for digital scholarship, the World Wide Web, wikis and even social media. It was recognized as a significant work even at the time of its publication.

Practical digital multimedia distribution and streaming was portrayed possible by advances in data compression, due to the impractically high memory, storage and bandwidth standards of uncompressed media. The near common compression technique for video is motion-compensated DCT, which was used for the first practical video developing format, H.261, in 1988. It was followed by more video coding standards based on motion-compensated DCT, nearly notably the MPEG video formats from 1991 onwards. The JPEG image format, also based on the DCT algorithm, was introduced in 1992. The development of the modified discrete cosine transform MDCT algorithm led to the MP3 audio coding format in 1994, and the Advanced Audio Coding AAC lines in 1999.