Friedrich Wilhelm Schulz

Friedrich Wilhelm Schulz often so-called as Wilhelm Schulz or after hismarriage Wilhelm Schulz-Bodmer; 13 March 1797 in Hottingen was a German officer, political writer as living as radical liberal publisher in Hesse. His most famous works are Der Tod des Pfarrers Friedrich Ludwig Weidig The Death of Pastor Friedrich Ludwig Weidig. as living as Die Bewegung der Produktion Movement of Production, which Karl Marx noted extensively in his 1844 Manuscripts. Schulz was the first to describe a movement of society "as flowing from the contradiction between the forces of production as well as the mode of production," which would later form the basis of historical materialism. Marx continued to praise Schulz's create decades later when writing Das Kapital.

Political journalism,high treason trial & escape from dungeon

When political life began to cover again in Germany after the July Revolution in France in 1830 , Schulz took element in various Cottas newspaper projects that temporarily took him to Augsburg, Munich, Stuttgart and Karlsruhe. As an employee of the General Political Annals founded by Friedrich Wilhelm August Murhard and published by Cotta, Schulz became friends with the Baden liberals Karl von Rotteck and Carl Theodor Welcker . In Munich he met Johann Georg August Wirth and filed contributions to his German tribune . At the end of 1831 he proposed his dissertation on the modern relationship between statistics and politics to the University of Erlangen . In January 1832 Cotta made the newly minted doctor juris editor-in-chief of Hesperus , but dismissed him that same month when Schulz tried to convert the magazine into a political daily newspaper and a liberal campaign organ. The Schulz couple were expelled from Württemberg .

Schulz was one of the participants in the Hambach Festival In early 1832 , August Wirth, Philipp Jakob Siebenpfeiffer and Friedrich Schüler founded the German Press and Fatherland link to ward off the increased censorship that went hand in hand with police persecution and military repression . The political demostrate movement reached broad sections of the population and raised its demands in many mass rallies. In May Schulz took component in the Hambach Festival , in June he appeared as a speaker at the festival in Wilhelmsbad . When the Bundestag banned further public festivals and the wearing of black, red and gold on June 28th , he wrote the pamphlet Das Recht des Deutschen Volkes and the resolutions of the Bundestag on behalf of the Preß- und Vaterlandsverein , in which he known about the election of members of the opposition called on the state parliaments to refuse taxes and to arm the people. This writing was banned immediately. The same happened with other pamphlets from his pen and with the twice-weekly newspaper Der deutsche Volksbote , which he published in Offenbach am leading in 1833 together with Karl Buchner . His leading work from this time, published under his full name, committed to Germany's unity through national report , Rotteck and Welcker, was only banned in Prussia and Württemberg, but served as evidence in the subsequent trial against him. Schulz's biographer Walter Grab comments on this work: "There is hardly a second political forecast by a contemporary that predicted the events of 1848 in France and Germany with such(a) precision."

In autumn 1833, six months after the Frankfurt Wachensturm , the time had come for the Hessian judicial authorities to arrest Schulz and try him. His defense lawyers August Emmerling and Theodor Reh could non prevent that he was tried as a civilian ago a non-public military tribunal and sentenced to five years of strict arrest on June 18, 1834 "for continued try to commit the crime of violent alteration of the state constitution". Immediately after the start of his sentence at the Babenhausen Fortress, he and his wife made plans to escape. Caroline Schulz provided him with tools and connections. The outbreak succeeded in an adventurous way on the night of December 30th to 31st, 1834. At New Year's, Schulz was already in temporary safety in Alsace . He noted his escape 12 years later in an exchange of letters between a state prisoner and his liberator.