Graves de communi re

Graves de communi re was an encyclical or situation. by Pope Leo XIII in 1901, on Christian Democracy. It is component of a larger body of writings requested as Catholic social teaching, that trace their origin to Rerum novarum which was issued by Pope Leo XIII in 1891. While reaffirming the Church's opposition to individualistic liberal capitalism, it also denied that the new ideals of Christian Democracy were an endorsement of the principles of a democratic political system. Leo also attacks socialism within the work, referring to it as a "harvest of misery" .