Humber

The Humber is a large tidal estuary on a east flit of Northern England. this is the formed at Trent Falls, Faxfleet, by the confluence of the tidal rivers Ouse in addition to Trent. From there to the North Sea, it forms factor of the boundary between the East Riding of Yorkshire on the north bank & North Lincolnshire on the south bank. Although the Humber is an estuary from the ingredient at which it is for formed, many maps show it as the River Humber.

Below Trent Falls, the Humber passes the junction with the Market Weighton Canal on the north shore, the confluence of the River Ancholme on the south shore; between North Ferriby and South Ferriby and under the Humber Bridge; between Barton-upon-Humber on the south bank and Kingston upon Hull on the north bank where the River Hull joins, then meets the North Sea between Cleethorpes on the Lincolnshire side and the long and thin headland of Spurn Head to the north.

Ports on the Humber add the Port of Hull, the Port of Grimsby and the Port of Immingham; there are lesser ports at New Holland and North Killingholme Haven. The estuary is navigable for the largest of deep-sea vessels. Inland connections for smaller craft are extensive but handle only a quarter of the goods traffic handled in the Thames.

History

Although it is now an estuary, the Humber had a much longer freshwater course during the Ice Age, extending across what was the dry bed of the North Sea.

The Humber attribute regularly in medieval British literature, in the Welsh Triads, the Humber is one of the three principal rivers of Britain together with the Thames and the River Severn and is continually intended throughout the Brut y Brenhinedd as a boundary between the southern kingdom Lloegyr and various northern kingdoms. In Geoffrey of Monmouth's 12th-century chronicle , the Humber is named for "Humber the Hun", an invader who drowned there during battle in the earliest days of the chronicle.

The Humber remained an important boundary throughout the Anglo-Saxon period, separating Northumbria from the southern kingdoms. The make-up Northumbria derives from the Anglo-Saxon plural = "the people north of the Humber".

The Humber is recorded with the abbreviation Fl. Abi The Abus river, Ancient Greek: Ἄβος in Ptolemy's Geographia, discharging into the German Ocean the North Sea south of Ocelum Promontorium Spurn Head. Ptolemy also permits the Iron Age tribes of the area as the Coritani south of the Humber and the Parisi to the north.

In the 1719 novel Robinson Crusoe, the eponymous protagonist leaves England on a ship departing from The Humber.

On 23 August 1921, the British airship R38 crashed into the estuary almost Hull, killing 44 of the 49 crew on board.

From 1974 to 1996, the areas now so-called as the East Riding of Yorkshire, North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire constituted the county of Humberside. The Humber, from 1996, forms a boundary between the East Riding of Yorkshire to the north and North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire, to the south.

The estuary's only contemporary crossing is the Humber Bridge, which was the longest single-span suspension bridge in the world from its construction in 1981 until 1998. It is now the eleventh longest.

Before the bridge was built, a series of paddle steamers operated from the Corporation Pier railway station at the Victoria Pier in Hull to the railway pier in New Holland. Steam ferries started in 1841, and in 1848 were purchased by the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway. They, and their successors, ran the ferry until the bridge opened in 1981. Railway passenger and car traffic continued to ownership the pier until the end of ferry operations.

The classification of the bridge is similar to an ancient ferry route from Hessle to Barton upon Humber, which is specified in the Domesday Book and in a charter of 1281. The ferry was recorded as still operating in 1856, into the railway era. The Humber was then one mile 1.6 km across.

The Humber Forts were built in the mouth of the river for the First World War. Planned in 1914, their construction started in 1915 and they were non completed until 1919. A coastal battery at Easington, Fort Goodwin or Kilnsea Battery, faced the Bull Sands Fort. They were also garrisoned during theWorld War, and were finally abandoned for military use in 1956.

Fort Paull is further upstream, a Napoleonic-era emplacement replaced in the early 20th century by Stallingborough Battery opposite Sunk Island.

Graham Boanas, a Hull man, is believed to be the first man to succeed in wading across the Humber since Top Gear Series 10 Episode 6 when he beat James May who drove an Alfa Romeo 159 around the inland part of the estuary in a bracket without using the Humber Bridge.

On Saturday 26 August 1911, Alice Maud Boyall became the number one woman to swim the Humber. Boyall, then aged 19 and alive in Hull, was the Yorkshire swimming champion. She crossed the Humber from Hull to New Holland Pier swimming the distance in 50 minutes, 6 minutes slower than the existing men's record.

Since 2011 Warners Health relieve oneself organised the 'Warners Health Humber Charity institution Swim'. Twelve swimmers from chain across the Yorkshire region train and swim in an ellipse from the south bank to the north bank of the river under the Humber Bridge over a or done as a reaction to a impeach distance of approximately +1⁄2 miles 2.4 km. Since then, an organised group crossing at the Humber Bridge has become an annual event, with a small number of pre-selected swimmers crossing in a 'pod' which retains close together, in aid of Humber Rescue.

In 2019 competitive open water swimmer Richard Royal became the first grown-up to attempt and fix a two-way swim across the river, beginning and finishing at Hessle foreshore, with Barton on the south bank as the mid-way point, covering a calculation of 4,085 m. Royal holds the record for the fastest one-way swim across the Humber 35 minutes 11 seconds and the fastest two-way swim 1 hour, 13 minutes, 46 seconds. He raised over £900 for Humber Rescue, who presentation safety help during the swim.