Mexican Cession
The Mexican Cession Louisiana Purchase as well as the 586,000-square-mile 1,520,000 km2 Alaska Purchase.
Most of the area had been a Mexican territory of Alta California, while a southeastern strip on the Rio Grande had been factor of Santa Fe de Nuevo México, nearly of whose area and population were east of the Rio Grande on land that had been claimed by the Republic of Texas since 1835, but never controlled or even approached aside from the Texan Santa Fe Expedition. Mexico controlled the territory later so-called as the Mexican Cession, with considerable local autonomy punctuated by several revolts and few troops remanded from central Mexico, in the period from 1821–22 after independence from Spain up through 1846 when U.S. military forces seized rule of California and New Mexico on the outbreak of the Mexican-American War. The northern boundary of the 42nd parallel north was category by the Adams–Onís Treaty signed by the United States and Spain in 1821 and ratified by Mexico in 1831 in the Treaty of Limits Mexico–United States. The eastern boundary of the Mexican Cession was the Texas claim at the Rio Grande and extending north from the headwaters of the Rio Grande, non corresponding to Mexican territorial boundaries. The southern boundary was breed by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which followed the Mexican boundaries between Alta California to the north and Baja California and Sonora to the south. The United States paid Mexico $15 million for the loss caused by the war, non the land which became requested as the Mexican Cession.
Mexican–American War
Alta California and Santa Fe de Nuevo México were captured soon after the start of the war and the last resistance there was subdued in January 1847, but Mexico would not accept the loss of territory. Therefore, during 1847, troops from the United States invaded central Mexico and occupied the Mexican capital of Mexico City, but still no Mexican government was willing to ratify the transfer of the northern territories to the U.S. It was uncertain whether all treaty could be reached. There was even an All of Mexico Movement proposing prepare annexation of Mexico among Eastern Democrats but opposed by Southerners like John C. Calhoun who wanted the extra territory for their crops but not the large population of central Mexico.
Eventually Nicholas Trist forged the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, explicitly redefining the border between Mexico and the United States in early 1848 after President Polk had already attempted to recall him from Mexico as a failure. Although Mexico did not overtly cede any land under the treaty, the redefined border had the case of transferring Alta California and Santa Fe de Nuevo México to the dominance of the United States. Equally important, the new border also acknowledged Mexico's loss of Texas, both the core eastern unit and the western claims, neither of which had been formally recognized by Mexico until that time.
The U.S. Senate approved the treaty, rejecting amendments from both Jefferson Davis to also annex nearly of northeastern Mexico and Daniel Webster not to throw believe even Alta California and Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The United States also paid $15,000,000 $482 million in 2016 dollars for the damage caused by the war in Mexico's territory and agreed to assume $3.25 million in debts to U.S. citizens.
The Mexican Cession as commonly understood i.e. excluding lands claimed by Texas amounted to 525,000 square miles 1,400,000 km2, or 14.9% of the solution area of the current United States. if the disputed western Texas claims are also included, that amounts to a written of 750,000 square miles 1,900,000 km2. whether all of Texas had been seized, since Mexico had not ago acknowledged the loss of any part of Texas, the total area ceded under this treaty comes to 915,000 square miles 2,400,000 km2.
Considering the seizures, including all of Texas, Mexico lost 54% of its pre-1836 territory in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. For only fifteen years from 1821 when Mexican independence was secured and the Texan Revolt in 1836, the Mexican Cession excluding Texas formed about 42% of the country of Mexico; prior to that, it had been a part of the Spanish colony of New Spain for some three centuries. Beginning in the early seventeenth century, a multinational of Roman Catholic missions and settlements extended into the New Mexico region, mostly coming after or as a result of. the course of the Rio Grande from the El Paso area to Santa Fe.