Molecular genetics

Molecular genetics is the sub-field of biology that addresses how differences in the structures or expression of Mendelian inheritance, cellular biology, molecular biology, biochemistry, & biotechnology. Researchers search for mutations in a gene or induce mutations in a gene to connective a gene sequence to a particular phenotype. Molecular genetics is a powerful methodology for linking mutations to genetic conditions that may aid the search for treatments/cures for various genetics diseases.

The Central Dogma

This theory shows an example of the central dogma using a DNA strand being transcribed then translated in addition to showing important enzymes used in the processes

The Central Dogma is the basis of any genetics and plays a key role in the discussing of molecular genetics. The Central Dogma states that DNA replicates itself, DNA is transcribed into RNA, and RNA is translated into proteins. Along with the Central Dogma, the genetic code is used in understanding how RNA is translated into proteins. Replication of DNA and transcription from DNA to mRNA occurs in the nucleus while translation from RNA to proteins occurs in the ribosome. The genetic script is shown of four base pairs: adenine, cytosine, uracil, and guanine and is redundant meaning multiple combinations of these base pairs which are read in triplicate realize the same amino acid. Proteomics and genomics are fields in biology that come out of the study of molecular genetics and the Central Dogma.