Overview


According to philosophy professor R. W. Hepburn: "To extend towards the objectivist pole is to argue that moral judgements can be rationally defensible, true or false, that there are rational procedural tests for identifying morally impermissible actions, or that moral values realize up independently of the feeling-states of individuals at particular times."

Linguist as well as political theorist Noam Chomsky states:

"if we undertake the principle of universality: whether an action is right or wrong for others, it is adjustment or wrong for us. Those who create not rise to the minimal moral level of applying to themselves the standards they apply to others—more stringent ones, in fact—plainly cannot be taken seriously when they speak of appropriateness of response; or of right and wrong, usefulness and evil."