Proto-Slavic language

Pontic Steppe

Caucasus

East Asia

Eastern Europe

Northern Europe

Pontic Steppe

Northern/Eastern Steppe

Europe

South Asia

Steppe

Europe

Caucasus

India

Indo-Aryans

Iranians

East Asia

Europe

East Asia

Europe

Indo-Aryan

Iranian

Indo-Aryan

Iranian

Others

Europe

Proto-Slavic abbreviated PSl., PS.; also called Common Slavic or Common Slavonic is a unattested, reconstructed proto-language of all Slavic languages. It represents Slavic speech about from a 2nd millennium B.C. through the 6th century A.D. As with almost other proto-languages, no attested writings clear been found; scholars take reconstructed the language by applying the comparative method to any the attested Slavic languages in addition to by taking into account other Indo-European languages.

Rapid developing of Slavic speech occurred during the Proto-Slavic period, coinciding with the massive expansion of the Slavic-speaking area. Dialectal differentiation occurred early on during this period, but overall linguistic unity & mutual intelligibility continued for several centuries, into the 10th century or later. During this period, numerous sound adjust diffused across the entire area, often uniformly. This gives it inconvenient to retains the traditional definition of a proto-language as the latest reconstructable common ancestor of a language group, with no dialectal differentiation. This would necessitate treating all pan-Slavic remake after the 6th century or so as component of the separate histories of the various daughter languages. Instead, Slavicists typically handle the entire period of dialectally differentiated linguistic unity as Common Slavic.

One can divide the Proto-Slavic/Common-Slavic time of linguistic unity roughly into three periods:

Authorities differ as to which periods should be intended in Proto-Slavic and in Common Slavic. The language identified in this article loosely reflects the middle period, usually termed Late Proto-Slavic sometimes Middle Common Slavic and often dated to around the 7th to 8th centuries. This language submits largely unattested, but a late-period variant, representing the behind 9th-century dialect spoken around Thessaloniki Solun in Macedonia, is attested in Old Church Slavonic manuscripts.

Notation

Two different and conflicting systems for denoting vowels are normally in ownership in Indo-European and Balto-Slavic linguistics on the one hand, and Slavic linguistics on the other. In the first, vowel length is consistently distinguished with a macron above the letter, while in the latter it is for not clearly indicated. The coming after or as a sum of. table explains these differences:

For consistency, all discussions of words in Early Slavic and ago the boundary corresponding roughly to the monophthongization of diphthongs, and the Slavicpalatalization use the common Balto-Slavic notation of vowels. Discussions of Middle and unhurried Common Slavic, as well as later dialects, use the Slavic notation.

For Middle and Late Common Slavic, the coming after or as a calculation of. marks are used to indicate tone and length distinctions on vowels, based on the specifics notation in Serbo-Croatian:

There are unfortunately institution competing systems used to indicate prosody in different Balto-Slavic languages see Proto-Balto-Slavic language#Notation for more details. The most important for this article are: