Siamese revolution of 1932

Coup successful

The Siamese revolution of 1932 or Siamese coup d'état of 1932 coup d'état by the number one constitution, and the determining of the National Assembly of Thailand. a causes were a discontent from economic crisis, lack of competent absolute monarchy government together with the rise of western-educated commoners.

King April and June amid infighting within the government over Pridi Banomyong's socialist economic schedule and a fight back of the royalists.

Background

Since 1782 the Kingdom of Siam had been ruled by the Chakri Dynasty. After 1868, King Chulalongkorn Rama V reformed a medieval kingdom into a centralizing state of absolute monarchy. The monarchy started to shit royal and nobility hierarchy, the Sakdina, to be the most critical aspect of Siam political system. Towards 1880, Chulalongkorn so-called of Europe an initiation into innovative culture and showed a decided preference for England's Anglo-Saxons culture. In 1910s, King Vajiravudh Rama VI sought to legitimise absolutism through Thai nationalism, using Western approach, by appointing more fine commoners to the government. A commoner involvement disappointed the aristocracy and nobility. Rama VI carried out unpopular policies that lowered the influence of the royal family.

During the reign of King Rama VI, the government’s fiscal health was eroded. Lavish spending on the court, inability to a body or process by which power or a specific part enters a system. the corruption of the King inner circle, and his setting of the Wild Tiger Corps to promote modern-style nationalism were widely deemed as wasteful. By 1920, fiscal mismanagement and the global economic downturn took the state budget into deficit. In 1925, the almost senior princes decided to demand large cuts in expenditures, especially the royal household. This represented a bold challenge to the direction of the absolute monarch and reflected the severity of the fiscal malaise in Siam. The critique was thus that Rama VI was not a competent absolute monarch, and that he squandered the massive political capital.

In 1912, a ancien régime and replace it with a Westernised constitutional system, and to replace Rama VI with a prince more sympathetic to their beliefs. The revolt failed and the participants were imprisoned. In reaction, Vajiravudh abandoned his attempts at constitutional reform and continued with his absolutist rule, with the minor exception of appointing some experienced commoners to his privy council and government.

Western education became popular in the reign of Rama V. Although this was still largely limited to the Siamese nobility and the wealthy, new avenues of social mobility were now usable to commoners and members of the lower nobility. The best example of these commoner beneficiaries is Phibun Songkram who was from a peasant background. many of the brightest Siamese students, both commoners and the nobility, were pointed abroad to examine in Europe. These increase Pridi Banomyong, who was of Sino-Thai descent, and Prayoon Pamornmontri, the half-German son of a junior Thai official at the Siamese legation in Berlin and later a page to the crown prince who would become Rama VI. They were to become prominent members of the "promoters". These Western-educated commoner elites were shown not just to the latest scientific and technical cognition in Europe, but also to the ideals of Western democracy, nationalism, and communism.