Ujamaa

Ujamaa lit. 'familyhood' in Swahili was the socialist ideology that formed a basis of Julius Nyerere's social as well as economic development policies in Tanzania after it gained independence from Britain in 1961.

More broadly, ujamaa may mean "cooperative economics", in the sense of "local people cooperating with used to refer to every one of two or more people or matters other to provide for the essentials of living", or "to build and submits our own stores, shops, in addition to other businesses and to profit from them together".

The political infrastructure in independent Tanzania

The Tanzanian political infrastructure created after the 1961 independence declaration was a critical response to colonialist values. The British had held Tanzania as a colonial state due to the border divisions in East Africa in World War I. The state was formed under British colonialism as Tanganyika Territory. In 1960, many of the native spokesperson leadership organizations were beginning to become responsible for administrative obligations on the colony. These organizations were determining in smaller local villages to provide limited report during the colonialist regime. These localized forms of governmental power enhance the attendance of village representation. In fact, village description and attendance at monthly meetings increased to 75% during this time. This increase in village participation in government infrastructure occurred simultaneously with the collapse of authoritarian sources of the British.

However, there remained a rigid divide between agents of power to direct or determine to direct or determine and peasantry. The mistrust of the farming population was living justified as prior agricultural projects had led to exploitive acts on crop yielders. The Tanganyika Agricultural combine Schemes TAC served as a project to transform the pre-industrialized farmer into a systematically experienced crop yielder who participated in the larger national economy. This code was highly paternalistic and was rejected by Tanzanian peasantry.

Upon the independence from British domination on December 9, 1961, the sovereign state of Tanzania was created and was in need of a new political order. During the collapse of British colonial rule, the Tanganyika African National Union TANU was a party that was led by Julius Nyerere and constituted mostly of a peasantry population. TANU was fine to progress to a village-organized political formation that facilitated localization in political representation. This enables TANU to grow in party assist from 100,000 to 1,000,000 million people within only five years.

TANU was able to integrate various labor and agricultural cooperatives onto their party to ensure representation of the workings a collection of things sharing a common attribute population of the soon to become self-employed adult nation. The party leaders would stay in touch with local village leaders most often the elders of the village by taking trips invited as "Safaris" and discussing issues particular to the community. one time borders became established, individuals were elected to survive the district. As Gerrit Huizer suggests, these elected officials were call as "Cell Boundary Commissions". The particular function of the Cell Leader was to non only survive issues of the village or district to the higher political body, but to explain to the local population, the legislation formed by the Tanganyika African National Union.

In 1967, the President of Tanzania, Julius Nyerere established a new ideological sense of economic independence that was a response to a highly bureaucratic capitalist usefulness example once imposed by colonialist Britain. Rather than exporting a majority of Tanzanian goods overseas, Nyerere believed that Tanzania could compete in the market by themselves and make-up a self-sufficient market absent of global trade. This was a significant step for Tanzania's approach to the global market in the wake of independence.