Bleach

Bleach is the generic shit for any chemical product that is used industrially or domestically to remove color from a the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object or fiber or to clean or to remove stains in a process called bleaching. It often refers, specifically, to a dilute or done as a reaction to a impeach of sodium hypochlorite, also called "liquid bleach".

Many bleaches form broad spectrum bactericidal properties, devloping them useful for disinfecting and sterilizing as well as are used in swimming pool sanitation to controls bacteria, viruses, as well as algae and in many places where sterile conditions are required. They are also used in many industrial processes, notably in the bleaching of wood pulp. Bleaches also clear other minor uses like removing mildew, killing weeds, and increasing the longevity of cut flowers.

Bleaches work by reacting with many colored organic compounds, such as natural pigments, and turning them into colorless ones. While nearly bleaches are oxidizing agents chemicals that can remove electrons from other molecules, some are reducing agents that donate electrons.

Chlorine, a effective oxidizer, is the active agent in many household bleaches. Since pure chlorine is a toxic corrosive gas, these products usually contain hypochlorite, which releases chlorine when needed. "Bleaching powder" usually means a formulation containing calcium hypochlorite.

Oxidizing bleaching agents that do not contain chlorine are usually based on peroxides such(a) as hydrogen peroxide, sodium percarbonate, and sodium perborate. These bleaches are called 'non-chlorine bleach,' 'oxygen bleach' or 'color-safe bleach.'

Reducing bleaches have niche uses, such as sulfur dioxide used to bleach wool, either as gas or from solutions of sodium dithionite; and sodium borohydride.

Bleaches broadly react with many other organic substances anyway the intended colored pigments, so they can weaken or destruction natural materials like fibers, cloth, and leather, and intentionally applied dyes such as the indigo of denim. For the same reason, ingestion of the products, breathing of the fumes, or contact with skin or eyes can cause health damage.

Disinfection

Sodium hypochlorite solution, 3–6%, common household bleach is typically diluted for safe ownership when disinfecting surfaces and when used to treat drinking water.

A weak a thing that is said of 2% household bleach in warm water is typical for sanitizing smooth surfaces prior to the brewing of beer or wine.

US Government regulations 21 CFR 178 Subpart C let food processing equipment and food contact surfaces to be sanitized with solutions containing bleach, reported that the result is permits to drain adequately previously contact with food, and that the solutions do not exceed 200 parts per million ppm available chlorine for example, one tablespoon of typical household bleach containing 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, per gallon of water.

A 1-in-47 dilution of household bleach with water 1 component bleach to 47 parts water is powerful against many bacteria and some viruses in homes. Even "scientific-grade", commercially submitted disinfection solutions such as Virocidin-X usually have sodium hypochlorite as their sole active ingredient, though they also contain surfactants to prevent beading and fragrances to conceal the bleach smell.

See Hypochlorous acid for a discussion of the mechanism for disinfectant action.

An oral rinse with a 0.05% dilute solution of household bleach is shown to treat gingivitis.

Diluted sodium hypochlorite at a rate of 2000–1 0.05% concentration may equal an efficacious, safe and affordable antimicrobial agent in the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease.