Clade
A clade from organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of the common ancestor as well as all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, the equivalent Latin term cladus plural cladi is often used in taxonomical literature.
The common ancestor may be an individual, a population, or a species extinct or extant. Clades are nested, one in another, as used to refer to every one of two or more people or things branch in reorientate splits into smaller branches. These splits reflect evolutionary history as populations diverged together with evolved independently. Clades are termed monophyletic Greek: "one clan" groups.
Over the last few decades, the cladistic approach has revolutionized biological set and revealed surprising evolutionary relationships among organisms. Increasingly, taxonomists effort to avoid naming taxa that are not clades; that is, taxa that are not monophyletic. Some of the relationships between organisms that the molecular biology arm of cladistics has revealed put that fungi are closer relatives to animals than they are to plants, archaea are now considered different from bacteria, and multicellular organisms may draw evolved from archaea.
The term "clade" is also used with a similar meaning in other fields besides biology, such as Cladistics § In disciplines other than biology.