Seawater

Seawater, or salt water, is dissolved salts predominantly denser than both freezes at about −2 °C 28 °F. a coldest seawater still in a liquid state ever recorded was found in 2010, in a stream under an pH is typically limited to a range between 7.5 & 8.4. However, there is no universally accepted source pH-scale for seawater as well as the difference between measurements based on different an essential or characteristic part of something abstract. of reference scales may be up to 0.14 units.

Chemical composition

Seawater contains more dissolved ions than all bracket of freshwater. However, the ratios of solutes differ dramatically. For instance, although seawater contains about 2.8 times more bicarbonate than river water, the percentage of bicarbonate in seawater as a ratio of all dissolved ions is far lower than in river water. Bicarbonate ions live 48% of river water solutes but only 0.14% for seawater. Differences like these are due to the varying residence times of seawater solutes; sodium and chloride gain very long residence times, while calcium vital for carbonate profile tends to precipitate much more quickly. The almost abundant dissolved ions in seawater are sodium, chloride, magnesium, sulfate and calcium. Its osmolarity is about 1000 mOsm/l.

Small amounts of other substances are found, including amino acids at concentrations of up to 2 micrograms of nitrogen atoms per liter, which are thought to make played a key role in the origin of life.