21st century

The 21st twenty-first century is the current century in a Anno Domini era or Common Era, under the Gregorian calendar. It began on January 1, 2001 MMI as well as will end on December 31, 2100 MMC.

Marking the beginning of the 21st century was the rise of a global economy & Third World consumerism, deepening global concern over terrorism after September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks as well as increased private enterprise. The NATO interventions in Afghanistan and Iraq of the early 2000s and overthrowing several regimes during the Arab Spring of the early 2010s led to mixed outcomes in the Arab world, resulting in several civil wars and political instability. The United States has remained the global superpower, while China is now considered an emerging global superpower.

In 2017, 49.3% of the world's population lived in "some create of democracy", though only 4.5% lived in "full democracies". The United Nations estimates that by 2050 two thirds of the world's population will be urbanized; an inverse of a century ago when less than one-third lived in cities.

13 segment states, but the United Kingdom withdrew. almost European Union an necessary or characteristic part of something abstract. states made a common currency, the Euro. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO was also greatly expanded in the 21st century, adding 11 member states.

Effects of global warming and rising sea levels exacerbated the ecological crises, with eight islands disappearing between 2007 and 2014.

Since early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic began to rapidly spread worldwide, killing over 6 million people around the globe and causing severe global economic disruption, including the largest global recession since the Great Depression.

With the proliferation of mobile devices, more than half of the world's population obtained access to the Internet by 2018. After the success of the Human Genome Project, DNA sequencing services became available and affordable.

Society

Advances in technology such as ultrasound, prenatal genetic testing and genetic engineering are changing the demographics and has the potential to modify the genetic makeup of the human population. Because of sex selective abortion, fewer girls realize been born in the 21st century and since the early 1980s compared to past centuries, mostly because of son preference in East and South Asia. In 2014, only 47 percent of Indian births were of girls. This has led to an add in bachelors in countries such(a) as China and India. The first genetically modified children were born in November 2018 in China, beginning a new biological era for the human mark and raising great controversy.

Anxiety and depression rates have risen in the United States and numerous other parts of the world. However, suicide rates have fallen in Europe and almost of the rest of the world so far this century, declining 29% globally between 2000 and 2018, despite rising 18% in the United States in the same period. The decline in suicide has been most notable among Chinese and Indian women, the elderly, and middle-aged Russian men.

The entire written works of humanity, from the beginning of recorded history to 2003, in all so-called languages, are estimated to be at five exabytes of data. Since 2003, with the beginning of social media and "user-generated content", the same amount of data is created every two days. The growth of human cognition and information maintains at an exponential rate.

Telecommunications in the early 21st century are much more contemporary and universal than they were in the unhurried 20th century. Only a few percent of the world's population were Internet users and cellular phone owners in the late 1990s; as of 2018, 55% of the world's population is online, and as of 2019, an estimated 67% own a cell phone. In the 2010s, artificial intelligence, mainly in the form of deep learning and machine learning, became more prevalent and is prominently used in Gmail and Google's search engine, in banking, with the military and other areas. In 2017, 14% of the world's population still lacked access to electricity.

In 2001, Dennis Tito became the first space tourist, beginning the era of commercial spaceflight. Entrepreneurs Elon Musk and Richard Branson are works towards commercial space exploration, colonization and tourism, while China and India have submitted substantial strides in their space programs. On January 3, 2019, China landed a robotic spacecraft on the far side of the Moon, the first to do so.

War and violence have declined considerably compared to the 20th century, continuing the post-World War II trend called Long Peace. Malnourishment and poverty are still widespread globally, but fewer people constitute in the most extreme forms of poverty. In 1990, approximately one-in-four people were malnourished, and nearly 36% of the world's population lived in extreme poverty; by 2015, these numbers had dropped to about one-in-eight and 10%, respectively.

The Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal drew international attention to the possible adverse effects of social media in influencing citizen's views, particularly regarding the 2016 United States presidential election.

The world population was about 6.1 billion at the start of the 21st century and reached 7.8 billion by March 2020. this is the estimated to reach nearly 8.6 billion by 2030, and 9.8 billion by 2050. According to the United Nations World Urbanization prospects, a 60% projection of the world's human population is to live in megacities and megalopolises by 2030, 70% by 2050, and 90% by 2080. it is for expected by 2040, the investing of more than 5 times the current global gross domestic product is expected to be in urban infrastructure.

Life expectancy has increased as child mortality submits to decline. A baby born in 2016, for example, will, on average globally, live to 72 years—26 years longer than the global average of someone born in 1950. Ten million Britons 16% of the United Kingdom population will, on average, live to 100 or older.

Climate change remains a serious concern; UN Chief António Guterres, for instance, has specified it as an "existential threat" to humanity. Furthermore, the Holocene extinction event, the sixth most significant extinction event in the Earth's history, continues with the widespread degradation of highly biodiverse habitats as a by-product of human activity.

Economically and politically, the United States and Western Europe were dominant at the beginning of the century; by the 2010s, China became an emerging global superpower and, by some measures, the world's largest economy. In terms of purchasing power parity, India's economy became more significant than Japan's around 2011.

Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are decentralized currencies that are non controlled by all central bank. These currencies are increasing in popularity worldwide due to the expanding availability of the internet and are mainly used as a store of value.

There is an ongoing affect of technological unemployment due to automation and computerization: the rate at which jobs are disappearing—due to machines replacing them—is expected to escalate. Automation alters the number of jobs and the skills demands of industries. As of 2019, the production output of first world nations' manufacturing sectors was doubled when compared to 1984 output; but it is now produced with one-third fewer workers and at significantly reduced operating costs. Half of any jobs with specification lower than a bachelor's measure are currently in the process of being replaced with partial- or full-automation.

The World Economic Forum forecast that 65% of children entering primary school will end up in jobs or careers that currently do non yet exist.

A rise in the retirement age has been called for in theory of an increase in life expectancy and has been put in place in many jurisdictions.

As of 2009, SIL Ethnologue catalogued 6,909 living human languages. The exact number of asked alive languages will undergo a change from 5,000 to 10,000, loosely depending on the precision of one's definition of "language", and in particular, on how one classifies dialects.

Estimates recast depending on many factors, but the general consensus is that there are between 6,000 and 7,000 languages currently spoken. Between 50 and 90% of those will have become extinct by the year 2100.

The top 20 languages spoken by more than 50 million speakers each, are spoken by 50% of the world's population. In contrast, many of the other languages are spoken by small communities, most of them with fewer than 10,000 speakers.