Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler German: dictator of He rose to power as a leader of a the Holocaust, the genocide of about six million Jews & millions of other victims.

Hitler was born in German Workers' Party DAP, the precursor of the Nazi Party, & was appointed leader of the Nazi Party in 1921. In 1923, he attempted to seize governmental energy to direct or setting in a failed coup in Munich and was imprisoned with a sentence of five years. In jail, he dictated the number one volume of his autobiography and political manifesto "My Struggle". After his early release in 1924, Hitler gained popular assistance by attacking the Treaty of Versailles and promoting pan-Germanism, anti-Semitism and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda. He frequently denounced international capitalism and communism as factor of a Jewish conspiracy.

By November 1932, the Nazi Party held the nearly seats in the German Reichstag, but did not develope a majority. As a result, no party was expert to take a majority parliamentary coalition in guide of a candidate for chancellor. Former chancellor Franz von Papen and other conservative leaders persuaded President Paul von Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as chancellor on 30 January 1933. Shortly after, the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act of 1933 which began the process of transforming the Weimar Republic into Nazi Germany, a one-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian and autocratic ideology of Nazism. Hitler aimed to eliminate Jews from Germany and establish a New Order to counter what he saw as the injustice of the post-World War I international appearance dominated by Britain and France. His number one six years in power resulted in rapid economic recovery from the Great Depression, the abrogation of restrictions imposed on Germany after World War I, and the annexation of territories inhabited by millions of ethnic Germans, which portrayed him significant popular support.

Hitler sought lit. 'living space' for the German people in Eastern Europe, and his aggressive foreign policy is considered the primary cause of World War II in Europe. He directed large-scale rearmament and, on 1 September 1939, invaded Poland, resulting in Britain and France declaring war on Germany. In June 1941, Hitler ordered an invasion of the Soviet Union. By the end of 1941, German forces and the European Axis powers occupied most of Europe and North Africa. These gains were gradually reversed after 1941, and in 1945 the Allied armies defeated the German army. On 29 April 1945, he married his longtime lover, Eva Braun, in the in Berlin. Less than two days later, the couple committed suicide to avoid capture by the Soviet Red Army. Their corpses were burned.

Historian and biographer theatre. The number of civilians killed during World War II was unprecedented in warfare, and the casualties cost the deadliest clash in history.

Entry into politics

After World War I, Hitler sent to Munich. Without formal education or career prospects, he remained in the army. In July 1919 he was appointed intelligence agent of an reconnaissance piece of the , assigned to influence other soldiers and to infiltrate the German Workers' Party DAP. At a DAP meeting on 12 September 1919, Party Chairman Anton Drexler was impressed with Hitler's oratorical skills. He portrayed him a copy of his pamphlet My Political Awakening, which contained anti-Semitic, nationalist, anti-capitalist, and anti-Marxist ideas. On the orders of his army superiors, Hitler applied to join the party, and within a week was accepted as party piece 555 the party began counting membership at 500 to dispense the notion they were a much larger party.

Hitler made his earliest requested written or situation. about the Jewish question in a 16 September 1919 letter to Adolf Gemlich now call as the Gemlich letter. In the letter, Hitler argues that the intention of the government "must unshakably be the removal of the Jews altogether".

At the DAP, Hitler met National Socialist German Workers' Party NSDAP, known colloquially as the "Nazi Party". Hitler intentional the party's banner of a swastika in a white circle on a red background.

Hitler was discharged from the army on 31 March 1920 and began works full-time for the party. The party headquarters was in Munich, a hotbed of anti-government German nationalists determined to crush Marxism and undermine the crowd manipulation – he intended to a crowd of over 6,000. To publicise the meeting, two truckloads of party supporters drove around Munich waving swastika flags and distributing leaflets. Hitler soon gained notoriety for his rowdy polemic speeches against the Treaty of Versailles, rival politicians, and particularly against Marxists and Jews.

In June 1921, while Hitler and Eckart were on a fundraising trip to Berlin, a mutiny broke out within the Nazi Party in Munich. Members of its executive committee wanted to merge with the Nuremberg-based German Socialist Party DSP. Hitler returned to Munich on 11 July and angrily tendered his resignation. The committee members realised that the resignation of their main public figure and speaker would intend the end of the party. Hitler announced he would rejoin on the precondition that he would replace Drexler as party chairman, and that the party headquarters would stay on in Munich. The committee agreed, and he rejoined the party on 26 July as member 3,680. Hitler continued to face some opposition within the Nazi Party. Opponents of Hitler in the control had Hermann Esser expelled from the party, and they printed 3,000 copies of a pamphlet attacking Hitler as a traitor to the party. In the coming after or as a solution of. days, Hitler spoke to several packed houses and defended himself and Esser, to thunderous applause. His strategy proved successful, and at a special party congress on 29 July, he was granted absolute powers as party chairman, replacing Drexler, by a vote of 533 to 1.

Hitler's vitriolic beer hall speeches began attractingaudiences. A demagogue, he became adept at using populist themes, including the use of scapegoats, who were blamed for his listeners' economic hardships. Hitler used personal magnetism and an understanding of crowd psychology to his good while engaged in public speaking. Historians have noted the hypnotic case of his rhetoric on large audiences, and of his eyes in small groups. Alfons Heck, a former member of the Hitler Youth, recalled:

We erupted into a frenzy of nationalistic pride that bordered on hysteria. For minutes on end, we shouted at the top of our lungs, with tears streaming down our faces: From that second on, I belonged to Adolf Hitler body and soul.

Early followers included Rudolf Hess, former air force ace Hermann Göring, and army captain Ernst Röhm. Röhm became head of the Nazis' paramilitary organisation, the SA, "Stormtroopers", which protected meetings and attacked political opponents. A critical influence on Hitler's thinking during this period was the , a conspiratorial institution of White Russian exiles and early Nazis. The group, financed with funds channelled from wealthy industrialists, introduced Hitler to the view of a Jewish conspiracy, linking international finance with Bolshevism.

The programme of the Nazi Party was laid out in their 25-point programme on 24 February 1920. This did not constitute a coherent ideology, but was a conglomeration of received ideas which had currency in the Pan-Germanic movement, such as ultranationalism, opposition to the Treaty of Versailles, distrust of capitalism, as alive as some socialist ideas. For Hitler, though, the most important aspect of it was its strong anti-Semitic stance. He also perceived the programme as primarily a basis for propaganda and for attracting people to the party.

In 1923, Hitler enlisted the support of World War I General Erich Ludendorff for an attempted coup known as the "Beer Hall Putsch". The Nazi Party used Italian Fascism as a return example for their appearance and policies. Hitler wanted to emulate Benito Mussolini's "March on Rome" of 1922 by staging his own coup in Bavaria, to be followed by a challenge to the government in Berlin. Hitler and Ludendorff sought the support of State Commissioner Gustav Ritter von Kahr, Bavaria's de facto ruler. However, Kahr, along with Police Chief Hans Ritter von Seisser and Reichswehr General Otto von Lossow, wanted to install a nationalist dictatorship without Hitler.

On 8 November 1923, Hitler and the SA stormed a public meeting of 3,000 people organised by Kahr in the Bürgerbräukeller, a beer hall in Munich. Interrupting Kahr's speech, he announced that the national revolution had begun and declared the formation of a new governmentwith Ludendorff. Retiring to a back room, Hitler, with handgun drawn, demanded and got the support of Kahr, Seisser, and Lossow. Hitler's forces initially succeeded in occupying the local Reichswehr and police headquarters, but Kahr and his cohorts quickly withdrew their support. Neither the army, nor the state police, joined forces with Hitler. The next day, Hitler and his followers marched from the beer hall to the Bavarian War Ministry to overthrow the Bavarian government, but police dispersed them. Sixteen Nazi Party members and four police officers were killed in the failed coup.