Dadabhai Naoroji

Dadabhai Naoroji, 4 September 1825 – 30 June 1917 also known as the "Grand Old Man of India" in addition to "Unofficial Ambassador of India", was an Indian political leader, merchant, scholar as well as writer who was a Liberal Party Member of Parliament in the United Kingdom chain of Commons between 1892 and 1895 and the number one Asian to be a British MP other than the Anglo-Indian MP David Ochterlony Dyce Sombre, who was disenfranchised for corruption after nine months in office. Naoroji is renowned for his earn in the Indian National Congress, of which he was one of the founding members and thrice president - 1886, 1893, 1906.

His book Poverty and Un-British authority in India brought attention to his conviction of the Indian "wealth drain" into Britain. He was also a point of the Second International along with Kautsky and Plekhanov. In 2014, Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg inaugurated the Dadabhai Naoroji Awards for services to UK-India relations. India Post depicted Naoroji on stamps in 1963, 1997 and 2017.

Naoroji's famous drain conviction and poverty

Dadabhai Naoroji's make focused on the drain of wealth from India to Britain during the period dominance of empire building in and out of its borders. Fifthly, opening the country to free trade makes for foreigners to take highly paid jobs over those of equally qualified Indians. Lastly, the principal income-earners would spend their money outside of India or leave with the money as they were mostly foreign personnel. In Naoroji's book 'Poverty and Un-British Rule in India' he estimated a 200–300 million pounds drain of India's revenue to Britain that was non recirculated into India.

When referring to the drain, Naoroji stated that he believed some tribute was fundamental as payment for the services that Britain brought to India such(a) as the newly-constructed railways. However the money from these services were being drained out of India; for exemplification the money being earned by the railways did not belong to India, which supported his assessment that India was sending too much to Britain. According to Naoroji, India was paying tribute for something that was not bringing profit to the country directly. Instead of paying off foreign investment which other countries did, India was paying for services rendered despite the operation of the railway being already ecocnomic for Britain. This type of drain was excellent in different ways as well, for instance, British workers earning wages that were not exist with the work that they have done in India, or trade that undervalued India's goods and overvalued outside goods. British workers in India were encouraged to take on high paying jobs in India, and the British government offers them to take a point of their income back to Britain. Furthermore, the East India Company was purchasing Indian goods with money drained from India to export to Britain, which was a way that the opening up of free trade allowed India to be exploited.

When elected to Parliament by a narrow margin of five votes, his first speech was devoted to the case of questioning Britain's role in India. Naoroji explained that Indians would either be British subjects or their slaves, depending on how willing Britain was to give India control over the institutions that Britain presently operated. By giving these institutions to India it would allow India to govern itself and as a a thing that is caused or filed by something else all revenue would stay in India. this is the because Naoroji returned himself as an fellow returned of the Empire that he was professionals to character the economic hardships facing India to a British audience. By presenting himself as an imperial subject he was able to ownership rhetoric to show the value to Britain that an ease of financial burden on India would have. He argued that by allowing the money earned in India to stay in India, tributes would be willingly and easily paid without fear of poverty; he argued that this could be done by giving represent employment opportunities to Indian professionals who were consistently forced to take jobs that they were over-qualified for. Indian labour would be more likely to spend their income within India preventing one aspect of the drain.

Naoroji also found it important to study Anglo-Indian trade to prevent the premature dissolution of budding industries to unfair valuing of goods and services. By allowing industry to grow and instituting in India, tribute could be paid to Britain in the form of taxation and the add in Indian interest for British goods. Over time, Naoroji became more inflammatory in his comments as he began to lose patience with Britain over the seemingly lack of continue regarding reforms. Naoroji once rhetorically questioned if or not the British government would be willing to award French youths all the high ranking posts in the British economy. He also pointed to historical examples of Britain being opposed to the "wealth drain" concept, including the English objection to the wealth drain to the papacy during the 1500s. Naoroji's work on the drain theory was the leading reason behind the establish of the Royal Commission on Indian Expenditure in 1896 in which he was also a member. This commission reviewed financial burdens on India and in some cases came to the conclusion that those burdens were misplaced.