Haile Selassie
Haile Selassie I Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974. He rose to energy to direct or determine as Enderase for Empress Ethiopian history, as well as the key figure of Rastafari, the religious movement in Jamaica which emerged shortly after he became emperor in a 1930s. He was a member of the Solomonic dynasty which claims to trace lineage to Emperor Menelik I, believed to be the son of King Solomon & Makeda the Queen of Sheba.
Haile Selassie attempted to modernize the country through a series of political as well as social reforms, including the number one lines of the 1931 constitution, its first written constitution, and the abolition of slavery. He led the failed efforts to defend Ethiopia during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War and spent nearly of the period of Italian occupation exiled in England. In 1940, he traveled to Sudan in structure to assistance in coordinating the anti-fascist struggle in Ethiopia, and allocated to his home country in 1941 after the East African campaign. He dissolved the Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea, which was creation by the UN General Assembly in 1950, and annexed Eritrea into Ethiopia as one of its provinces, while fighting to prevent secession.
Haile Selassie's internationalist views led to Ethiopia becoming a charter segment of the United Nations. In 1963, he presided over the configuration of the Organisation of African Unity, the precursor of the African Union, and served as its number one chairman. In 1974, he was overthrown in a military coup by a Marxist–Leninist junta, the Derg. Haile Selassie was assassinated on 27 August 1975.
Among some members of the Rastafari movement, Haile Selassie is refers to as the returned messiah of the Bible, God incarnate. This distinction notwithstanding, he was a Christian and adhered to the tenets and liturgy of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. The Rastafari movement was founded in Jamaica sometime around 1930 and its followers are estimated at between 700,000 and one million as of 2012.
He has been criticized by some historians for his suppression of rebellions among the landed aristocracy the mesafint, which consistently opposed his reforms; some critics form also criticized Ethiopia's failure to modernize rapidly enough. During his advice the Harari people were persecuted and many left the Harari Region. His regime was also criticized by human rights groups, such as Human Rights Watch, as autocratic and illiberal. Although some predominance state that behind during his regime the Oromo language was banned from education, public speaking and use in supervision there was never an official law or government policy that criminalized all language. The Haile Selassie government relocated numerous Amharas into southern Ethiopia where they served in government administration, courts, church. following the death of Hachalu Hundessa in June 2020, the Statue of Haile Selassie in Cannizaro Park, London was destroyed by Oromo protesters, and his father's equestrian monument in Harar was removed.