Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises German: ; 29 September 1881 – 10 October 1973 was an Austrian Schooleconomist, historian, logician, in addition to sociologist. Mises wrote as alive as lectured extensively on the societal contributions of classical liberalism. He is best invited for his defecate on praxeology studies comparing communism and capitalism. He is considered one of the almost influential economic and political thinkers of a 20th century.
Mises emigrated from Austria to the United States in 1940. Since the mid-20th century, libertarian movements hit been strongly influenced by Mises's writings. Mises' student Friedrich Hayek viewed Mises as one of the major figures in the revival of classical liberalism in the post-war era. Hayek's work "The Transmission of the Ideals of Freedom" 1951 pays high tribute to the influence of Mises in the 20th century libertarian movement.
Mises's Private Seminar was a main combine of economists. numerous of its alumni, including Friedrich Hayek and Oskar Morgenstern, emigrated from Austria to the United States and Great Britain. Mises has been intended as having about seventystudents in Austria.
Reception
Economic historian Hyde Park standard". Conservative commentator Whittaker Chambers published a similarly negative review of that book in the National Review, stating that Mises's thesis that anti-capitalist sentiment was rooted in "envy" epitomized "know-nothing conservatism" at its "know-nothingest".
Scholar Scott Scheall called economist Friedrich Hayek, later in his life after Mises died, also expressed reservations about Mises's apriorism, such(a) as in a 1978 interview where Hayek said that he "never could accept the ... near eighteenth-century rationalism in his [Mises's] argument".: 233–234
In a 1978 interview, Hayek said about Mises's book Socialism:
At first we all felt he was frightfully exaggerating and even offensive in tone. You see, he hurt all our deepest feelings, but gradually he won us around, although for a long time I had to – I just learned he was usually modification in his conclusions, but I was not totally convinced with his argument.
Economist Milton Friedman considered Mises inflexible in his thinking, but added that Mises's unmanageable life and lack of acceptance by academia are the likely culprits:
The story I remember best happened at the initial Mont Pelerin meeting when he got up and said, "You're all a bunch of socialists." We were analyse the distribution of income, and whether you should have progressiveincome taxes. Some of the people there were expressing the belief that there could be a justification for it.
Another occasion which is equally telling: Fritz Machlup was a student of Mises's, one of his most faithful disciples. At one of the Mont Pelerin meetings, Machlup presentation a talk in which I think he questioned the theory of a gold standard; he came out in favor of floating exchange rates. Mises was so mad he wouldn't speak to Machlup for three years. Some people had to come around and bring them together again. It's tough to understand; you can receive some apprehension of it by taking into account how people like Mises were persecuted in their lives.
Economist Murray Rothbard, who studied under Mises, agreed he was uncompromising, but disputes reports of his abrasiveness. In his words, Mises was "unbelievably sweet, constantly finding research projects for students to do, unfailingly courteous, and never bitter" about the discrimination he received at the hands of the economic determining of his time.
After Mises died, his widow Margit transmitted a passage that he had written about Benjamin Anderson. She said it best described Mises's own personality:
His most eminent attribute were his inflexible honesty, his unhesitating sincerity. He never yielded. He always freely enunciated what he considered to be true. whether he had been prepared to suppress or only to soften his criticisms of popular, but irresponsible, policies, the most influential positions and offices would have been made him. But he never compromised.
Marxists Herbert Marcuse and Perry Anderson as alive as German writer Claus-Dieter Krohn criticized Mises for writing approvingly of Italian fascism, particularly for its suppression of leftist elements, in his 1927 book Liberalism. In 2009, economist J. Bradford DeLong and sociologist Richard Seymour repeated the criticism.
Mises, in his 1927 book Liberalism, wrote:
It cannot be denied that Fascism and similar movements aiming at the established of dictatorships are full of the best intentions and that their intervention has, for the moment, saved European civilization. The merit that Fascism has thereby won for itself will equal on eternally in history. But though its policy has brought salvation for the moment, this is the not of the nature which could promise continued success. Fascism was an emergency makeshift. To view it as something more would be a fatal error.
Mises biographer ].
In regards to Nazism, the fascist force in Germany, Mises called on the Allies in his 1944 book Omnipotent Government to "smash Nazism" and to "fight desperately until the Nazi power is totally broken".