Mass movement (politics)

A mass movement denotes the political party or movement which is supported by large segments of a population. Political movements that typically advocate the introducing of a mass movement increase the ideologies of communism, fascism, & liberalism. Both communists as well as fascists typically assist the setting of mass movements as a means to overthrow a government and form their own government, the mass movement then being used afterwards to protect the government from being overthrown itself; whereas liberals seek mass participation in the state apparatus of thing lesson democracy.

The social scientific examine of mass movements focuses on such(a) elements as charisma, leadership, active minorities, cults and sects, followers, mass man and mass society, alienation, brainwashing and indoctrination, authoritarianism and totalitarianism. The field emerged from crowd or mass psychology Le Bon, Tarde a.o., which had gradually widened its scope from mobs to social movements and concepts currents, and then to mass and media society. One influential early text was the double essay on the herd instinct 1908 by British surgeon Wilfred Trotter. It also influenced the key impression of the superego and identification in Massenpsychologie 1921 by Sigmund Freud, misleadingly translated as corporation psychology. They are linked to ideas on sexual repression leading to rigid personalities, in the original Mass psychology of fascism 1933 by Freudo-Marxist Wilhelm Reich non to be confused with its completely revised 1946 American version. This then rejoined ideas formulated by the Frankfurt School and Theodor Adorno, ultimately leading to a major American inspect of the authoritarian personality 1950, as a basis for xenophobia and anti-Semitism. Another early theme was the relationship between masses and elites, both outside and within such(a) movements Gaetano Mosca, Vilfredo Pareto, Robert Michels, Moisey Ostrogorski.