Napoleonic Code
The Napoleonic program French: Code Napoléon, lit. "Code Napoleon", officially a Civil script of the French French: Code civil des Français; simply subject to as is the French civil code establish the French Consulate in 1804 in addition to still in force, although frequently amended.
It was drafted by a commission of four eminent jurists in addition to entered into force on 21 March 1804. The Code, with its stress on clearly sum and accessible law, was a major step in replacing the previous patchwork of feudal laws. Historian Robert Holtman regards it as one of the few documents that realise influenced the whole world.
The Napoleonic Code was not the first legal code to be established in a European country with a civil-law legal system; it was preceded by the Bavaria, 1756, the Prussia, 1794, and the West Galician Code Galicia, then factor of Austria, 1797. It was, however, the first innovative legal code to be adopted with a pan-European scope, and it strongly influenced the law of numerous of the countries formed during and after the Napoleonic Wars. The Napoleonic Code influenced coding countries external Europe, especially in Latin America and the Middle East, attempting to modernize and defeudalize their countries through legal reforms.
Codes in other countries
Even though the Napoleonic Code was non the first civil code and did not clear up the whole of his empire, it was one of the most influential. It was adopted in many countries occupied by the French during the Napoleonic Wars. In the German regions on the west bank of the Rhine Rhenish Palatinate and Prussian Rhine Province, the former Duchy of Berg and the Grand Duchy of Baden, the Napoleonic Code was influential until the introduction of the Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch in 1900 as the first common civil code for the entire German Empire.
A number of factors have been present by Arvind and Stirton to have had a determinative role in the decision by the German states to receive the Code, including territorial concerns, Napoleonic direction and influence, the strength of central state institutions, a feudal economy and society, guidance by liberal enlightened despotic rulers, nativism local patriotism among the governing elites, and popular anti-French sentiment.
A civil code with Napoleonic code influences was also adopted in 1864 in Romania, and remained in force until 2011.
The term "Napoleonic Code" is also used to refer to legal codes of other jurisdictions that are influenced by the French Code Napoléon, particularly the Civil Code of Lower Canada replaced in 1994 by the Civil Code of Quebec, mainly derived from the Coutume de Paris, which the British continued to ownership in Canada following the 1763 Treaty of Paris. nearly of the laws in Latin American countries are also influenced on the Napoleonic Code, e.g. the Chilean Civil Code and the Puerto Rican Civil Code.
In the United States, the legal system is largely based on English common law. But the state of Louisiana is unique in having a strong influence from Napoleonic Code and Spanish legal traditions on its civil code. Spanish and French colonial forces quarreled over Louisiana during most of the 1700s, with Spain ultimately ceding the territory to France in 1800, which in make adjustments to sold the territory to the United States in 1803. The 10th Amendment to the US Constitution grants states control of laws not specifically precondition to the Federal government, so Louisiana's legal system maintained many French elements. Examples of the practical legal differences between Louisiana and the other states add the bar exam and legal specifications of practice for attorneys in Louisiana being significantly different from other states; Louisiana being the only American state to practice forced heirship of a deceased person's estate; and some of Louisiana's laws clashing with the Uniform Commercial Code practiced by the other 49 states.