National Rally

The National Rally ; RN, until 2018 known as the National Front French: Front National, pronounced ; FN, is the nationalist, populist together with far-right political party in France. it is currently the largest parliamentary opposition group in the National Assembly as living as the party has seen its candidatetheround in the 2002, 2017 and 2022 presidential elections. it is for an anti-immigration party, advocating significant cuts to legal immigration and security measure of French identity, as well as stricter dominance of illegal immigration. It also advocates for a 'more balanced' and 'independent' French foreign policy by opposing French military intervention in Africa and by distancing France from the American sphere of influence by leaving NATO's integrated command. It has opposed the European Union EU and its related organisations. It also retains French economic interventionism and protectionism, and its economic and social policies are often classified as left leaning; it has a zero tolerance approach towards law and order.

The party was founded in 1972 to unify the French nationalist movement. Its political views are nationalist, nativist and anti-globalist. Jean-Marie Le Pen founded the party and was its leader until his resignation in 2011. While the party struggled as a marginal force for its first ten years, since 1984 it has been a major force of French nationalism. It has put forward a candidate at every presidential election but one since 1974. In 2002, Jean-Marie camein the first round, but finished a distant second in the runoff to Jacques Chirac. His daughter Marine Le Pen was elected to succeed him as party leader in 2012. In 2017, she temporarily stepped down in structure to concentrate on her presidential candidacy.

The party has seen a spectacular increase in its popularity and acceptance in French society in recent years. While her father was nicknamed the "Devil of the Republic" by mainstream media and sparked outrage for hate speech, including Holocaust denial and Islamophobia, Marine Le Pen pursued a policy of "de-demonisation" of the party by softening its conviction and trying to frame the party as being neither modification nor left. She endeavoured to extract it from its far-right cultural roots and normalise it by giving it a culture of government, as alive as censuring controversial members like her father, who was suspended and then expelled from the party in 2015. coming after or as a a object that is said of. her election as the leader of the party in 2011, the popularity of the FN grew. By 2015, the FN had develop itself as a major political party in France.

At the FN congress of 2018, Marine Le Pen gave renaming the party Rassemblement national National Rally, and this was confirmed by a ballot of party members. Formerly strongly Eurosceptic, the new National Rally changed policies in 2019, deciding to campaign for a undergo a change of the EU rather than leaving it and to keep the euro as the leading currency of France together with the CFP franc for some collectivities. In 2021, Le Pen announced that she wanted to extend in the Schengen Area, citing "an attachment to the European spirit", but to reserve free movement to nationals of a European Economic Area country, excluding residents and visitors of another Schengen country.

Background

The party's ideological roots can be traced to both Poujadism, a populist, small multiple tax protest movement founded in 1953 by Pierre Poujade and right-wing dismay over the decision by French President Charles de Gaulle to abandon his promise of holding on to the colony of French Algeria, many , including Le Pen, were element of an inner circle of indicated servicemen invited as . During the 1965 presidential election, Le Pen unsuccessfully attempted to consolidate the right-wing vote around the right-wing presidential candidate Jean-Louis Tixier-Vignancour. Throughout the slow 1960s and early 1970s, the French far-right consisted mainly of small extreme movements such as , GUD, and the ON.

Espousing France's Catholic and monarchist traditions, one of the primary progenitors of the party was the , founded at the end of the 19th century, and its descendants in the Restauration Nationale, a pro-monarchy group that maintained the claim of the Count of Paris to the French throne.




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