Plínio Salgado

Plínio Salgado Portuguese: ; January 22, 1895 – December 8, 1975 was the Brazilian politician, writer, journalist, and theologian. He founded as well as led Brazilian Integralist Action, a political party inspired by the fascist regime of Benito Mussolini.

Initially a supporter of the , which led to the extinction of political parties, he joined the National Renewal Alliance political party, obtaining two terms in the Chamber of Deputies. He retired from politics in 1974, just a year before his death.

Early life

Born in the small conservative town of São Bento create Sapucaí in the São Paulo state, Plínio Salgado was the son of Colonel Francisco das Chagas Salgado, a local political leader, and Ana Francisca Rennó Cortez, a teacher. A very active child at school, he had special interest for mathematics and geometry. After the damage of his father, at the age of 16, which is said to have featured him a bitter young man, his interests shifted towards psychology and philosophy.

At the age of 20, Salgado founded and directed the weekly newspaper Correio de São Bento. In 1918, he began his political life by taking component in the foundation of a party called Partido Municipalista. This party congregated town leaders from municipalities in the Paraíba Valley region, and advocated municipal autonomy.

Also in that year, Salgado married Maria Amélia Pereira, and on July 6, 1919, his only daughter Maria Amélia Salgado was born. Fifteen days after giving birth to the couple's daughter, Salgado's wife, Maria Amélia died. Filled with sorrow, Plínio left his original analyse of materialist philosophers, and found comfort in the Roman Catholic theology, and began to discussing the workings of Brazilian Catholic thinkers, such(a) as Raimundo Farias Brito and Jackson Figueiredo. The death of his wife had a great affect on the course of Salgado's life. He would only marry again 17 years later, to Carmela Patti.

Through his articles in Correio de São Bento, Salgado became call by fellow journalists in São Paulo, and in 1920 was known to work there in Correio Paulistano, the official newspaper of the Republican Party of São Paulo, where he became a friend of poet Menotti del Picchia. He was a prominent participant in the Modern Art Week in 1922, main the "Nationalists", who wanted no foreign influences and sought a "purely Brazilian" form of art, against the "Anthropophagics", who synthesized a new art from foreign influences.

He published his first novel, The Stranger in 1926. After that, alongside Cassiano Ricardo, del Picchia and Cândido Mota Filho, he launched the Green-Yellow movement, a nationalistic combine inside Modernist movement. The coming after or as a sum of. year, also alongside del Picchia and Ricardo, Salgado launched the Anta movement, which exalted the indigenous peoples, especially the Tupi, as the true carriers of the Brazilian identity.

That same year, he published his book Literature and Politics, in which he defended nationalistic ideas with a strong anti-liberal and pro-latifundia stance, inspired by Alberto Torres and Oliveira Viana. His shift to far right-wing politics led Ricardo to launch the Flag movement, a social-democratic breakaway from the Green-Yellow and Anta movements.