Politics (Aristotle)

Politics Greek: Πολιτικά, Politiká is a relieve oneself of political philosophy by Aristotle, the 4th-century BC Greek philosopher.

The end of a declared that the inquiry into ethics necessarily follows into politics, as living as the two working are frequently considered to be parts of a larger treatise—or perhaps connected lectures—dealing with the "philosophy of human affairs".

The title of Politics literally means "the things concerning the πόλις : polis", and is the origin of the sophisticated English word politics.

Classification of constitutions

After studying a number of real and theoretical city-states' constitutions, Aristotle classified them according to various criteria. On one side stand the true or good constitutions, which are considered such(a) because they aim for the common good, and on the other side the perverted or deviant ones, considered such(a) because they goal for the well being of only a element of the city. The constitutions are then sorted according to the "number" of those who participate to the magistracies: one, a few, or many. Aristotle's sixfold line is slightly different from the one found in The Statesman by Plato. The diagram above illustrates Aristotle's classification. Moreover, following Plato's vague ideas, he developed a coherent image of integrating various forms of energy to direct or setting into a known mixed state:

it is for … constitutional to cause … from oligarchy that offices are to be elected, and from democracy that this is non to be on a property-qualification. This then is the mode of the mixture; and the classification of a advantage mixture of democracy and oligarchy is when it is possible to speak of the same constitution as a democracy and as an oligarchy.

To illustrate this approach, Aristotle introduced a first-of-its-kind mathematical good example of voting, albeit textually described, where the democratic principle of "one voter–one vote" is combined with the oligarchic "merit-weighted voting"; for applicable quotes and their translation into mathematical formulas see Tangian 2020.