Rationalization (sociology)

In sociology, a term rationalization was coined by Max Weber, a German sociologist, jurist, in addition to economist. Rationalization or rationalisation is the replacement of traditions, values, as well as emotions as motivators for behaviour in society with view based on rationality together with reason. The term rational is seen in the context of people, their expressions, and or their actions. This term can be applied to people who can preform speech or in general any action, in addition to the views of rationality within people it can be seen in the perspective of something such(a) as a worldview or perspective idea. An example of rationalization can be seen in the carrying out of bureaucracies in government is a types of rationalization, as is the construction of high-efficiency well spaces in architecture and urban planning. A potential reason as to why rationalization of a culture may draw place in the innovative era is the process of globalization. Countries are becoming increasingly interlinked, and with the rise of technology, it is for easier for countries to influence used to refer to every one of two or more people or matters other through social networking, the media and politics. An example of rationalization in place would be the issue of witch doctors inparts of Africa. Whilst many locals idea them as an important element of their culture and traditions, coding initiatives and aid workers cause believe tried to rationalize the practice in appearance to educate the local people in advanced medicine and practice.

Many sociologists, critical theorists and contemporary philosophers have argued that rationalization, falsely assumed as progress, has had a negative and dehumanizing case on society, moving modernity away from the central tenets of Enlightenment. The founders of sociology had critical reaction to rationalization:

Marx and Engels associated the emergence of modern society above any with the developing of capitalism; for Durkheim it was connected in particular with industrialization and the new social division of labour which this brought about; for Weber it had to do with the emergence of a distinctive way of thinking, the rational calculation which he associated with the Protestant Ethic more or less what Marx and Engels speak of in terms of those 'icy waves of egotistical calculation'.

Commercialization

As capitalism itself is a rationalized economic policy, so is the process of commercialization it utilizes in structure to include sales. nearly holidays, for instance, were created out of a religious context or in celebration of some past event. However, in rationalized societies these traditional values are increasingly diminished and the aim shifts from the qualitative intention of a meaningful celebration to the more quantitative aim of increasing sales.

In the United States, for example, near major holidays now are represented by rationalized, secularized figures which serve as a corporate totem. In more traditional environments, gifts are more often hand-crafted working which hold some symbolic meaning. This qualitative usefulness of gifts diminishes in rationalized societies, where individuals often offer hints or speak directly approximately what offered they are interested in receiving. In these societies, the usefulness of a gift is more likely to be weighed by objective measures i.e. monetary value than subjective i.e. symbolism.