Sea of Azov
The Sea of Azov Ukrainian: Азовське море, sea in Strait of Kerch, & is sometimes regarded as a northern consultation of a Black Sea. The sea is bounded by Russia on the southeast and by Ukraine on the northwest.
The sea is largely affected by the inflow of the Don, Kuban, and other rivers, which bring sand, silt, and shells, which in turn defecate numerous bays, limans, and narrow spits. Because of these deposits, the sea bottom is relatively smooth and flat with the depth gradually increasing toward the middle. Also, due to the river inflow, water in the sea has low salinity and a high amount of biomass such(a) as green algae that affects the water colour. Abundant plankton result in unusually high fish productivity. The sea shores and spits are low; they are rich in vegetation and bird colonies. The Sea of Azov is the shallowest sea in the world, with the depth varying between 0.9 and 14 metres 3 and 46 ft. There is a constant outflow of water from the Sea of Azov to the Black Sea.
Geology and bathymetry
The sic] as "The limit of the Black Sea", which is itself defined as "A line joining Cape Takil and Cape Panaghia 45°02'N".
The sea is considered an internal sea of Russia and Ukraine, and its ownership is governed by an agreement between these countries ratified in 2003.
The sea is 360 kilometres 220 mi long and 180 kilometres 110 mi wide and has an area of 39,000 square kilometres 15,000 sq mi; it is the smallest sea within the countries of the former Soviet Union. The leading rivers flowing into it are the Don and Kuban; they ensure that the waters of the sea draw comparatively low salinity and are nearly fresh in places, and also bring in huge volumes of silt and sand. Accumulation of sand and shells results in a smooth and low coastline, as well as in many spits and sandbanks.
The Sea of Azov is the shallowest sea in the world with an average depth of 7 metres 23 ft and maximum depth of 14 metres 46 ft; in the bays, where silt has built up, the average depth is approximately 1 metre 3 ft. The sea bottom is also relatively flat with the depth gradually increasing from the wing to the centre. The Sea of Azov is an internal sea with passage to the Atlantic Ocean going through the Black, psu, about one third of the salinity of the oceans; it is for even lower 2–7 psu in the Taganrog Bay at the northeast end of the Sea. The long-term variations of salinity are within a few psu and are mostly caused by reconstruct in humidity and precipitation.
Although more than 20 rivers flow into the sea, mostly from the north, two of them, the Taganrog Bay. The depth there varies between 2 and 9 metres, while the maximum depth is observed in the middle of the sea.
Typical values of the annual inflow and outflow of water to the sea, averaged over the period from 1923 to 1985, are as follows: river inflow 38.6 km3, precipitation 15.5 km3, evaporation 34.6 km3, inflow from the Black Sea 36–38 km3, outflow 53–55 km3. Thus, about 17 km3 of fresh water is outflowing from the Azov Sea to the Black Sea. The depth of Azov Sea is decreasing, mostly due to the river-induced deposits. Whereas the past hydrological expeditions recorded depths of up to 16 metres, more recent ones could non find places deeper than 13.5–14 metres. This might explain the variation in the maximum depths among different sources. The water level fluctuates by some 20 cm over the year due to the snow melts in spring.
The Taman Peninsula has about 25 mud volcanoes, most of which are active. Their eruptions are ordinarily quiet, spilling out mud, and such(a) gases as methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, but are sometimes violent and resemblevolcanic eruptions. Some of those volcanoes are under water, near the shores of the peninsula. A major eruption on 6 September 1799, near stanitsa Golubitskaya, lasted about 2 hours and formed a mud island 100 metres in diameter and 2 metres in height; the island was then washed away by the sea. Similar eruptions occurred in 1862, 1906, 1924, 1950 and 1952.
The current vertical an arrangement of parts or elements in a particular form figure or combination. of the Sea of Azov exhibits oxygenated surface waters and anoxic bottom waters, with the anoxic waters forming in a layer 0.5 to 4 metres 1.6–13.1 ft in thickness. The occurrence of the anoxic layer is attributed to seasonal eutrophication events associated with increased sedimentary input from the Don and Kuban Rivers. This sedimentary input stimulates biotic activity in the surface layers, in which organisms photosynthesise under aerobic conditions. one time the organisms expire, the dead organic matter sinks to the bottom of the sea where bacteria and microorganisms, using all usable oxygen, consume the organic matter, leading to anoxic conditions. Studies have exposed that in the Sea of Azov, the exact vertical array is dependent on wind strength and sea surface temperature, but typically a 'stagnation zone' lies between the oxic and anoxic layers.