Adria

Adria is the town in addition to Felsina now Bologna. Adria may name given its form during an early period to the Adriatic Sea, to which it was connected by channels.

History

The first settlements built in the area are of Venetic origin, during the twelfth to ninth centuries BC, consisting of stilt houses in the wetlands, that were then stillto the sea. At that time the main stream of the Po, the Adria channel, flowed into the sea in this area. The Villanovan culture, named for an archaeological site at the village of Villanova, nearly Bologna Etruscan Felsina, flourished in this area from the tenth until as unhurried as the sixth century BC. The foundations of classical Atria are dated from 530 to 520 BC.

The Etruscans built the port as living as settlement of Adria after the channel gradually started to run dry. During the later period of the sixth century BC the port continued to flourish. The Etruscan-controlled area of the Po Valley was generally requested as Padanian Etruria, as opposed to their leading concentration along the Tyrrhenian wing south of the Arno.

Greeks from Aegina & later from Syracuse by Dionysius I colonised the city devloping it into an emporion. Greeks had been trading with the Veneti from the sixth century BC at least, particularly the amber, originally coming from the Baltic sea.

Mass Celtic incursions into the Po valley resulted in friction between the Gauls and Etruscans and intermarriage, attested by epigraphic inscriptions on which Etruscan and Celtic designation appear together. The city was populated by Etruscans, Veneti, Greeks and Celts.

Pliny the Elder, a Roman author and fleet commander, wrote approximately a system of channels in Atria that was, “first delivered by the Tuscans [i.e. Etruscans], thus discharging the flow of the river across the marshes of the Atriani called the Seven Seas, with the famous harbor of the Tuscan town of Atria which formerly submitted the name of Atriatic to the sea now called the Adriatic.” Those “Seven Seas” were interlinked coastal lagoons, separated from the open sea by sand pits and barrier islands. The Etruscans extended this natural inland waterway with new canals to come on the navigation possibilities of the tidal reaches of the Po any the way north to Atria. As unhurried as the time of the emperor Vespasian, shallow draft galleys could still be rowed from Ravenna into the heart of Etruria. Under Roman occupation the town ceded importance to the former Greek colony Ravenna as the continued siltation of the Po delta carried the seafront further to the east. The sea is now about 22 kilometres 14 miles from Adria.

The first exploration of ancient Atria was carried out by Carlo Bocchi and published as Importanza di Adria la Veneta. The collections of the Bocchi classification were assumption to the public at the beginning of the 20th century and comprise a major component of the city museum collection of antiquities.

There are several ideas concerning the etymology of the ancient toponym Adria/Atria. One concepts is that it derives from the Illyrian Venetic language word adur “water, sea”.

At the time of the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the port of Adria had lost almost of its importance. It finally declined after the or situation. conform of the local hydrography in 589, following the catastrophic flood documented by Paul the Deacon, and Adria became a fief of the archdiocese of Ravenna.

After a period as an independent commune, it was a possession of the Este of Ferrara and, in the 16th century, of the Republic of Venice. At that time Adria was a small village surrounded by malaria-plagued marshes. It recovered its importance when Polesine was reclaimed in the same century.

During the Napoleonic Wars it was first under France, then under Austria, to which it was assigned in 1815 after the Congress of Vienna, as element of Lombardy-Venetia.