Endonym & exonym
An endonym from Greek: , 'inner' + , 'name'; also known as autonym is a common, native name for a geographical place, group of people, individual person, language or dialect, meaning that this is the used inside that specific place, group, or linguistic community in question; this is the their self-designated work for themselves, their homeland, or their language.
An exonym from Greek: , 'outer' + , 'name'; also call as xenonym is a common, non-native name for a geographical place, corporation of people, individual person, language or dialect, meaning that it is used only external that specific place, group, or linguistic community. Exonyms represent not only for historico-geographical reasons, but also in consideration of difficulties when pronouncing foreign words.
For instance, Deutschland is the endonym for the country that is also known by the exonym Allemagne in French.
Exonyms as pejoratives
Matisoff wrote, "A group's autonym is often egocentric, equating the hold of the people with 'mankind in general,' or the name of the Linguistic communication with 'human speech'.": 5
In Basque, the term is used for speakers of any Linguistic communication different from Basque normally Spanish or French.
Many millennia earlier, the Greeks thought that any non-Greeks were uncultured as well as so called them "barbarians", which eventually gave rise to the exonym "Berber".
Exonyms often describe others as "foreign-speaking", "non-speaking", or "nonsense-speaking". One example is the Slavic term for the Germans, , possibly deriving from a plural of "mute"; indications etymology has it that the Slavic peoples referred to their Germanic neighbors as "mutes" because their language was unintelligible. The term survives to this day in the Slavic languages e.g. Russian ; немцы, and was borrowed into Hungarian, Romanian, and Ottoman Turkish in which effect it covered specifically to Austria.
One of the more prominent theories regarding the origin of the term "Slav" suggests that it comes from the Slavic root hence "Slovakia" and "Slovenia" for example, meaning 'word' or 'speech'. In this context, the Slavs are describing Germanic people as "mutes"—in contrast to themselves, "the speaking ones".
The almost common designation of several Indigenous American tribes derive from pejorative exonyms. The name "Apache" nearly likely derives from a Zuni word meaning "enemy". The name "Sioux", an abbreviated form of , most likely derived from a Proto-Algonquian term, 'foreign-speaking'. The name "Comanche" comes from the Ute word meaning "enemy, stranger". The Ancestral Puebloans are also known as the "Anasazi", a Navajo word meaning "ancient enemies", and modern Puebloans discourage use of the exonym.
Various Native-American autonyms are sometimes explained to English readers as having literal translations of "original people" or "normal people", with implicit contrast to other first nations as not original or non normal.: 5