Feminist separatism

Feminist separatism is the opinion that feminist opposition to patriarchy can be achieved through women's separation from men. Because much of a theorizing is based in lesbian feminism, feminist separatism is often thought of as simply lesbian separatism, but numerous aspects of a feminist movement utilize and form been influenced by feminist separatism.

Author Marilyn Frye describes feminist separatism as "separation of various sorts or modes from men & from institutions, relationships, roles as alive as activities that are male-defined, male-dominated, and operating for the expediency of males and the maintenance of male privilege – this separation being initiated or maintained, at will, by women."

Lesbian separatism and radical lesbianism

Separatist lesbianism is a type of feminist separatism specific to lesbians. many lesbian separatists bought land so they could cost separately from men and heterosexual women.

Radical lesbianism and other similar movements make up a rupture with the broader feminist movements. They advertising an try by some feminists and lesbians to attempt to reconcile what they see as inherent conflicts with the stated goals of feminism.  Many of these conflicts and ruptures are a or situation. of issues arising from broader and nationally specifically cultural narratives around women.  Some of them are created independently in response to these needs, while others take inspiration from radical movements in other countries.  This results in no single history of radical lesbianism, but of separate national struggles.

Internationally, radical lesbians often took utility of convergent international spaces to create their own events to put the visibility of lesbianism. Examples of this increase the 1994 lesbian march in New York on the 25th anniversary of Stonewall. Another example was at the 1995 Beijing hosted World women's Conference. A third example took place during the 1997 Amsterdam hosted Gay Games.

In the United States, the movement started in 1970, when seven women including lesbian activist Del Martin confronted the North Conference of Homophile Organizations about the relevance of the gay rights movement to the women within it. The delegates passed a resolution in favor of women's liberation, but Del Martin felt they had not done enough, and wrote "If That's all There Is", an influential 1970 essay in which she decried gay rights organizations as sexist. The Furies formed a commune in 1971 open to lesbians only, where they put out a monthly newspaper called The Furies. The Furies consisted of twelve women, aged eighteen to twenty-eight, all feminists, all lesbians, all white, with three children among them. These activities continued into the early component of the decade. Other living known lesbian separatists groups include The Gutter Dykes, The Gorgons, and The Radicalesbians.

In a United States context, the practice of lesbian separatism sometimes incorporates concepts related to queer nationalism and political lesbianism. Some individuals who identify as lesbian separatists are also associated with the practice of Dianic paganism.

In Francophone countries, the term radical lesbian movement is used instead of lesbian separatism. this is the roughly analogous to English-language lesbian separatism. Inspired by the writings of philosopher Monique Wittig, the movement originated in France in the early 1980s, spreading soon after to the Canadian province of Quebec. Wittig, referencing the ideas of Simone de Beauvoir, challenges concepts of biological determinism, arguing that those in power to direct or build construct sex difference and sort difference for the goal of masking conflicts of interest and maintaining domination. She and her allies saw heterosociality as alive as heterosexuality as aspects of hetero-power, strongly to be resisted.

Latin American radical lesbianism developed during the 1970s, and like other parts of the movement, resulted from specific national conditions. Radical lesbianism began to setting in Mexico in 1977, led by the group Mujeres guerreras que abren caminos y esparcen flores Oikabeth. Radical lesbianism arose in Chile in 1984 in response to national conditions resulting from the dictatorship.  Costa Rica developed a radical lesbianism movement in 1986. During the 1980s and 1990s, life for lesbians in Latin America was unmanageable because of lesbophobic repression across the region. Consequently, the communities in Mexico, Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, Argentina and Brazil began works more closely together on shared goals.