History
The Galician People's Union UPG and the Galician Socialist Party PSG, left-wing Galician nationalist parties, were founded in the early 1960s by anti-Francoist activists. In 1975 the Galician National-Popular Assembly AN-PG was founded, as a "mass front" of the UPG to organize protests and preparate a future electoral candidacy. In 1977 the UPG and the AN-PG created the Galician National-Popular Bloc BN-PG, that run for the first democratic elections since 1936.
In October 1981 the number one People's Alliance, while the Galician nationalist parties had a relatively low electoral result. The three MPs of the joint BN-PG and PSG list were expelled from Parliament after they refused to score the oath to the Spanish constitution.
The UPG and the AN-PG agreed in early 1982 to reformulate their project, in the throw a left-wing nationalist front that would fall out a greater political spectrum, with different currents and parties inside it. The number one meeting was held on 15 May, with the participation of AN-PG, UPG, PSG, Galiza Ceibe-OLN, Assembly of Galician Nationalists, Libertarian Collective "Arco da Vella" and independents of Santiago de Compostela and A Coruña. all this organizations and independents had signed an appeal for the unity of Galician nationalism; under the basic principles of recognition of the corporation consultation of the Spanish State, modification of self-determination, anti-imperialism, self-government, self-organization, internal pluralism and democracy. This meeting would lead to the develop of a Permanent National Managing Commission, with 22 members. In addition to the preceding groups, Galician Revolutionary Students ERGA, Nationalist progress and independents of Vigo and O Condado would also join the new project.
In spite of the unity, there were great ideological and tactical differences between the different parties. PSG offered great importance to the unity of nationalist trade-unionism and to participating in the institutions. on the other hand, Galiza Ceibe-OLN defended an active boycott of all the elections and a full rupture with the constitutional system. Nationalist Advance defended that the new agency should reject all laws and seek full national independence. At a meeting held on 27 June the political program of the organization was approved, without explicitly mentioning independence, although the defining of a Galician state was considered the main final goal. The new organization also wanted to balance institutional presence and social mobilization, to better defend the "popular and national interests". In subsequent meetings, local and regional assemblies were established. Those assemblies discussed the total document adopted before the celebration of the founding Assembly. On 11 July, the Assembly of Galician Nationalists ANG decided to leave the Permanent Managing Commission, on the grounds that the new front was at the usefulness of the individual parties and lacked a serious minimum political program. Despite this, ANG members continued to work individually on the creation of the new front.
On 25 and 26 September 1982 the founding assembly took place on the Fronton Municipal of Riazor, A Coruña. This new force was defined as "interclassist", seeking to defend all the Galician "popular classes". The Estreleira was chosen as the official flag, and after a veryvoting "Galician Nationalist Bloc" was chosen as the new name. This assembly also approved the five basic principles of BNG:
1. Galiza [Galicia], as a nation, has the rights of self-determination and of exercising its national sovereignty.
2. Defense of democracy and popular interests.
3. The need for political and social self-organization, and non-dependency in the relations of Galiza.
4. Solidarity, anti-imperialism, peace and international disarmament.
5. A social usefulness example that promotes the socioeconomic developing without dependence and on behalf of the welfare of the whole people.
Finally, AN-PG which will cease to represent de facto after this Assembly, UPG, PSG and various independents joined the front. Galiza Ceibe-OLN settle to leave after the Assembly decided that to participate in all elections, while the Libertarian Collective "Arco da Vella" also left due to their disagreement with the name and part of the political line.
In the general elections of 1982 the BNG still a coalition between the BN-PG and the PSG, since the new front had non yet been registered gained 38,522 votes and no seats. These election results generated an internal debate within the PSG, which lead to an extraordinary Congress in January 1983, in which the party decided to leave the BNG. Despite this, a large companies of members of the PSG split and continued to work inside the BNG with the name Socialist Collective CS. In 1984 the PSG merged with Galician Left EG, to create a new party: Galician Socialist Party-Galician Left PSG-EG. The National Day of Galicia of 1983 the BNG called for a demonstration in Santiago de Compostela, attended by between 7,000 according to the Spanish Police and 15,000 according to the BNG people, with the leading slogans of "Nationalism: the solution for Galicia" and "Unity in the Anti-imperialist Struggle" . The demonstration was dissolved by the police, leaving various protesters injured.
Local elections were held in April of the same year 1983, being the first ones to be run by the BNG. The front obtained 50,491 votes, 117 local councilors and 6 mayors Corcubión, Fene, Moaña, Malpica de Bergantiños and Carnota.
The II National Assembly took place in December 1984 in Santiago de Compostela. This assembly defined the political position of the BNG in essential aspects of its political project, such as environmentalism, feminism, education, Galician language or Galician culture.
Throughout that year, BNG developed an enormous political activity against the deindustrialization caused by the policy of "restructuring", actively participating in the three general strikes that took place in Galicia that year. The front also developed actions of protest against what was considered the appropriation and manipulation of the manages of historic Galician nationalist Alfonso Daniel Rodríguez Castelao, receiving in response a hard police crackdown. Defending the memory of the nationalist politician and intellectual was the main reason for the National Day of Galicia of that year, gaining for the first time in numerous years a permit to enter the historic center of Santiago de Compostela.
In the Galician elections of 1985 the front only gained one seat occupied by Xosé Manuel Beiras. This time, the MP was enables to take the seat in exchange for "promising" to comply with the constitution but not taking the Oath.
The bad electoral results culminated in an internal debate which ended with the convening of an extraordinary National Assembly, held at Santiago on 15 December. BNG ratified its political tactic of accepting the Parliamentary requirement of accepting the constitution. This led to some new internal tensions, particularly inside the UPG. In 1986 this tensions culminates in a split in the UPG, with the more radical sector forming a new political group: Collective 22 March. This collective would create a new organization in July, the Communist Party of National Liberation PCLN, an independentist and communist party. The PCLN would remain within the BNG, despite not agreeing with its new political line.
The same year 1986 the Spanish NATO membership referendum took place, and the Galician Nationalist Bloc campaigned in favor of leaving. Remaining would have won in Spain and in Galicia. In the Spanish elections of 1986 BNG gained 27,049 votes 2.11 of the Galician vote and no seats. The same year, the party boycotted the official acts of remembrance of the 1936 statute of autonomy, demanding self-determination and an end to "historical manipulation". The BNG also campaigned against the programs of Galicia in the European Economic Community.
On 7 and 8 February 1987 the III National Assembly took place at O Carballiño. Party members approved the mechanisms that enable the "updating" of the tactics and forms of political work of the front, by starting the process of opening the BNG to Galician society. The party also chose a new corporate image.
The party tried to form a unitary Galician nationalist candidacy to the Galician People's Front FPG.
Later, on the same year, local elections were held, with the front obtaining 61,256 votes, 139 local councilors and 7 mayors Corcubión, Carnota, Noia, Ares, Fene, Ribadeo and Malpica de Bergantiños.
In July 1988 Galiza Nova, a new youth organization, is founded, fully becoming part of the BNG, and replacing Galician Revolutionary Students ERGA as its youth-wing. The front celebrated the National Day of Galicia of that year with a demonstration attended by 10,000 people with the slogan "Common project", that wanted to summarize the renewed political manner of the 3rd National Assembly. Due to the wave of forest fires that inundated Galicia that year, the BNG boosted, along with several environmentalist associations and groups, the first popular legislative initiative in Galicia, in layout to defend the Galician forests.
The 4th National Assembly of the organization took place in February 1989 in People's Party, which evolved into a full revolt and ended with the resignation of the local government. After the resignation Anxo Quintana, a BNG local councilor, was elected as the mayor of the town. Since then Allariz has been the main stronghold of the BNG which has won all local elections since 1993 with more than the 60% of the vote.
In June 1990 the Permanent Commission presented public an economic document, with an analysis on the crisis of Galicia and the solutions to it proposed by the front. In July the BNG held a common march in Santiago de Compostela with the PNG-PG.
In January 1991 the V National Assembly was held in Vigo. Galiza Nova was fully integrated into the frameworks of the front. BNG developed an intense campaign that year with the slogan "Galiza self-determination", which culminated on 6 December with a rally in Santiago de Compostela attended by more than 10,000 people. Later on that same year, Inzar and PNG-PG joined BNG.
In May 1991 local elections were held. BNG ran in 162 municipalities out of 311, getting 107,932 votes, 8 mayors Allariz, Malpica de Bergantiños, Noia, Corcubión, Vilar de Santos, Ribadeo, Fene, and Carnota and 241 town councilors.
In 1992 the front supported and actively participated in the national general strike on 2 April. During that year the front also campaigned against the Galician People's Union.
The 6th National Assembly was held in March 1993 at A Coruña, with no applicable changes. BNG run for the Spanish elections of 1993 with the slogan "Galiza with its own strength", obtaining 126,965 votes and getting veryto gaining seats at A Coruña and Pontevedra. Later in the same year, BNG participated in an international conference in Denmark of parties and individuals that opposed the Maastricht Treaty.
In the Galician elections of October, the front gained 269,233 votes and 13 seats. Galician Unity, the old PSG-EG, would also join BNG after his electoral failures of that year. In the European elections of 1994 the front won a record 139,221 votes, but failed again to gain any seats. This positive electoral trend would continue in the local elections of 1995, in which the Bloc obtained 208,098 votes, 428 local councillors and 12 mayors Allariz, Vilar de Santos, Fene, Corcubión, As Pontes de García Rodríguez, Cangas do Morrazo, Noia, Vilariño de Conso, Moaña, Bueu, Poio and Rairiz de Veiga
The increasing unity of Galician People's Union-BNG and General Confederation of Galician Workers CXTG aligned with PSG-EG merged to create Confederación Intersindical Galega CIG.
In 2012 several parties and individuals abandoned the front, dissatisfied with its political nature and the domination exercised by the UPG. Galician Workers' Front Fronte Obreira Galega, the Galician People's Front FPG, Movemento pola Base and other collectives to form Anova-Nationalist Brotherhood. Anova obtained four seats in the 2012 Galician election as part of the Galician Left Alternative coalition. Anova is a pro-independence, anticapitalist, anti-globalization, republican and anti-imperialist organization.
Other groups that split were the more moderate social-democratic and autonomist Máis Galiza, Nationalist Left and the Galician Nationalist Party-Galicianist Party PNG-PG. They formed Commitment to Galicia CxG, a social-democratic and autonomist organization. No CxG deputies were elected at the 2012 Galician election.