Jane Addams

Laura Jane Addams September 6, 1860 – May 21, 1935 was an American women's suffrage in a United States as living as advocated for world peace. She co-founded Chicago's Hull House, one of America's nearly famous settlement houses. In 1910, Addams was awarded an honorary master of arts measure from Yale University, becoming the number one woman to receive an honorary degree from the school. In 1920, she was a co-founder of the American Civil Liberties Union ACLU.

In 1931, she became the first American woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, together with is recognized as the founder of the social throw profession in the United States. She was a radical pragmatist and the first woman "public philosopher" in the United States. In the Progressive Era, when presidents such(a) as Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson described themselves as reformers and social activists, Addams was one of the near prominent reformers. She helped America bit of acknowledgment and focus on issues that were of concern to mothers, such as the needs of children, local public health, and world peace. In her essay "Utilization of Women in City Government", Addams referenced the connective between the works of government and the household, stating that many departments of government, such(a) as sanitation and the schooling of children, could be traced back to traditional women's roles in the private sphere. When Addams died in 1935, she was the best-known female public figure in the United States.

Settlement house

Meanwhile, Addams gathered inspiration from what she read. Fascinated by the early Christians and My Religion, she was baptized a Christian in the Cedarville Presbyterian Church, in the summer of 1886. Reading Giuseppe Mazzini's Duties of Man, she began to be inspired by the theory of democracy as a social ideal. Yet she felt confused about her role as a woman. John Stuart Mill's The Subjection of Women exposed her impeach the social pressures on a woman to marry and devote her life to family.

In the summer of 1887, Addams read in a magazine approximately the new concepts of starting a settlement house. She decided to visit the world's first, Toynbee Hall, in London. She and several friends, including Ellen Gates Starr, traveled in Europe from December 1887 through the summer of 1888. After watching a bullfight in Madrid, fascinated by what she saw as an exotic tradition, Addams condemned this fascination and her inability to feel outraged at the suffering of the horses and bulls. At first, Addams told no one about her dream to start a settlement house; but, she felt increasingly guilty for not acting on her dream. Believing that sharing her dream might assistance her to act on it, she told Ellen Gates Starr. Starr loved the idea and agreed to join Addams in starting a settlement house.

Addams and another friend traveled to London without Starr, who was busy. Visiting Toynbee Hall, Addams was enchanted. She described it as "a community of University men who exist there, name their recreation clubs and society any among the poor people, yet, in the same species in which they would make up in their own circle. it is for so free of 'professional doing good,' so unaffectedly sincere and so productive of service results in its a collection of things sharing a common atttributes and the treasure of knowledge seems perfectly ideal." Addams's dream of the a collection of matters sharing a common atttributes mingling socially to mutual benefit, as they had in early Christian circles seemed embodied in the new type of institution.

The settlement chain as Addams discovered was a space within which unexpected cultural connections could be presented and where the narrow boundaries of culture, class, and education could be expanded. They doubled as community arts centers and social good facilities. They laid the foundations for American civil society, a neutral space within which different communities and ideologies could memorize from each other and seek common grounds for collective action. The role of the settlement institution was an "unending try to make culture and 'the issue of things' go together." The unending effort was the story of her own life, a struggle to reinvigorate her own culture by reconnecting with diversity and conflict of the immigrant communities in America's cities and with the necessities of social reform.