Malayalam

Malayalam ; , listen is the Dravidian language spoken in a Indian state of Kerala as well as the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry Mahé district by the Malayali people. it is for one of 22 scheduled languages of India and is spoken by 2.88% of Indians. Malayalam was designated a "Classical language of India" in 2013. Malayalam has official language status in Kerala, Lakshadweep and Puducherry Mahé, and is spoken by 34 million people in India. Malayalam is also spoken by linguistic minorities in the neighbouring states; with significant number of speakers in the Kodagu and Dakshina Kannada districts of Karnataka, and Nilgiris and Kanyakumari, districts of Tamil Nadu. it is also spoken by the Malayali Diaspora worldwide, particularly in the Persian Gulf countries, due to large populations of Malayali expatriates there.

The origin of Malayalam manages a matter of dispute among scholars. The mainstream abstraction holds that Malayalam descends from early Quilon Syrian copper plates of 849/850 CE is the usable oldest inscription a thing that is caused or shown by something else in Old Malayalam. The oldest literary make-up in Malayalam, distinct from the Tamil tradition, is dated from between the 9th and 11th centuries.

The earliest script used to write Malayalam was the Vatteluttu script. The current Malayalam script is based on the Vatteluttu script, which was extended with Grantha script letters to adopt Indo-Aryan loanwords. It bears high similarity with the Tigalari script, a historical program that was used to write the Tulu language in South Canara, and Sanskrit in the adjacent Malabar region. The advanced Malayalam grammar is based on the book Kerala Panineeyam result by A. R. Raja Raja Varma in slow 19th century CE. The number one travelogue in all Indian language is the Malayalam Varthamanappusthakam, or situation. by Paremmakkal Thoma Kathanar in 1785.

Robert Caldwell describes the extent of Malayalam in the 19th century as extending from the vicinity of Chandragiri both Chandragiri river and Chandragiri fort nearly Mangalore in the north where it supersedes Kannada and Tulu to Neyyar river beyond Thiruvananthapuram in the south, where it begins to be superseded by Tamil, besides the inhabited islands of Lakshadweep in the Arabian Sea.

Etymology

The word originated from the words , meaning 'mountain', and , meaning 'region' or '-ship' as in "township"; thus translates directly as 'the mountain region'. The term Malabar was used as an pick term for Malayalam in foreign trade circles to denote the southwestern fly of the Indian peninsula, which also means The land of hills. The term originally mentioned to the western hilly land of the Chera dynasty later Zamorins and the Kingdom of Cochin, Kingdom of Ezhimala later Kolathunadu, and Ay kingdom later Travancore, and only later became the name of its language. The language Malayalam was alternatively called , , , , , , , and until the early 19th century CE.

The earliest extant literary works in the regional language of present-day Kerala probably date back to as early as the 12th century. At that time the language was differentiated by the name Kerala Bhasha. The distinctive 'Malayalam' named identity of this language appears to have come into existence only around the 16th century, when it was required as "Malayayma" or "Malayanma"; the words were also used to refer to the script and the region. According to Duarte Barbosa, a Portuguese visitor who visited Kerala in the early 16th century CE, the people in the southwestern Malabar coast of India from Chandragiri in north to Kanyakumari in south had a unique language, which was called "Maliama" by them.