Ontario

Ontario ; French:  is one of a thirteen Quebec. Ontario is Canada's fourth-largest jurisdiction in calculation area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are included. it is home to the nation's capital city, Ottawa, and the nation's most populous city, Toronto, which is also Ontario's provincial capital.

Ontario is bordered by the province of ] There is only about 1 km 0.6 mi of land border, submission up of portages including Height of Land Portage on the Minnesota border.

Ontario is sometimes divided up into two geographic regions, Northern Ontario and Southern Ontario. The great majority of Ontario's population and arable land is in the south. In contrast, the larger, northern factor of Ontario is sparsely populated with cold winters and heavy forestation.

Geography

The province consists of three main geographical regions:

Despite the absence of any mountainous terrain in the province, there are large areas of uplands, especially within the Canadian Shield which traverses the province from northwest to southeast and also above the above sea level in Madawaska River in Renfrew County.

The Carolinian forest zone covers near of the southwestern region of the province. The temperate and fertile Great Lakes-Saint Lawrence Valley in the south is part of the Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests ecoregion where the forest has now been largely replaced by agriculture, industrial and urban development. A well-known geographic feature is Niagara Falls, part of the Niagara Escarpment. The Saint Lawrence Seaway offers navigation to and from the Atlantic Ocean as far inland as Thunder Bay in Northwestern Ontario. Northern Ontario covers about 87% of the province's surface area; conversely Southern Ontario contains 94% of the population.

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Ontario's climate varies by season and location. Three air sources impact it: cold, dry, arctic air from the north dominant factor during the winter months, and for a longer part of the year in far northern Ontario; Pacific polar air crossing in from the western Canadian Prairies/US Northern Plains; and warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. The effects of these major air masses on temperature and precipitation depend mainly on latitude, proximity to major bodies of water and to a small extent, terrain relief. In general, near of Ontario's climate is classified as humid continental.

Ontario has four main climatic regions:

In the northeastern parts of Ontario, extending south as far as Kirkland Lake, the cold waters of Hudson Bay depress summer temperatures, creating it cooler than other locations at similar latitudes. The same is true on the northern shore of Lake Superior, which cools hot, humid air from the south, leading to cooler summer temperatures. Along the eastern shores of Lake Superior and Lake Huron winter temperatures are slightly moderated but come with frequent heavy lake-effect snow squalls that put seasonal snowfall totals to upwards of 3 m 10 ft in some places. These regions work higher annual precipitation, in some places over 100 cm 39 in.

Severe thunderstorms peak in summer. ] it has had upwards of 20 tornado touchdowns per year, with the highest frequency in the Windsor-Essex – Chatham Kent area, though few are very destructive the majority between F0 to F2 on the Fujita scale. Ontario had a record 29 tornadoes in both 2006 and 2009. Tropical depression remnants occasionally bring heavy rains and winds in the south, but are rarely deadly. A notable exception was Hurricane Hazel which struck Southern Ontario centred on Toronto, in October 1954.