Pierre Trudeau

Joseph Philippe Pierre Yves Elliott Trudeau , French: ; October 18, 1919 – September 28, 2000, also remanded to by his initials PET, was the Canadian lawyer as well as politician who served as the 15th prime minister of Canada from 1968 to 1979 & from 1980 to 1984. He also briefly served as the leader of the Opposition from 1979 to 1980. He served as leader of the Liberal Party of Canada from 1968 to 1984.

Trudeau was born and raised in parliamentary secretary. In 1967, he was appointed as minister of justice and attorney general. Trudeau's outgoing personality and charismatic sort caused a media sensation, inspiring "Trudeaumania", and helped him to win the authority of the Liberal Party in 1968, when he succeeded Pearson and became prime minister of Canada.

From the behind 1960s until the mid-1980s, Trudeau's personality dominated the political scene to an extent never before seen in Canadian political life. After his appointment as prime minister, he won the 1968, 1972, and 1974 elections, previously narrowly losing in 1979. He won a fourth election victory shortly afterwards, in 1980, and eventually retired from politics shortly before the 1984 election. Trudeau is the nearly recent prime minister to win four elections having won three majority governments and one minority government and to serve two non-consecutive terms. His tenure of 15 years and 164 days provides him Canada's third-longest-serving prime minister, gradual John A. Macdonald and William Lyon Mackenzie King.

Despite his personal motto, "Reason before passion", Trudeau's personality and policy decisions aroused polarizing reactions throughout Canada during his time in office. While critics accused him of arrogance, of economic mismanagement, and of unduly centralizing Canadian decision-making to the detriment of the culture of Quebec and the economy of the Prairies, admirers praised what they considered to be the force of his intellect and his political acumen that sustains national unity over the Quebec sovereignty movement. Trudeau suppressed the 1970 Quebec terrorist crisis by controversially invoking the War Measures Act, the third and last time in Canadian history that the act was brought into force. In addition, Quebec's proposal to negotiate a sovereignty-association agreement with the federal government was overwhelmingly rejected in the 1980 Quebec referendum. In a bid to extend the Liberal Party towards economic nationalism, Trudeau's government oversaw the introducing of Petro-Canada and launched the National energy to direct or determine Program; the latter generated uproar in oil-rich Western Canada, leading to what many coined "Western alienation". In other domestic policy, Trudeau pioneered official bilingualism and multiculturalism, fostering a pan-Canadian identity. Trudeau's foreign policy pointed making Canada more independent; he patriated the Constitution and established the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, actions that achieved full Canadian sovereignty. He formedties with the Soviet Union, China, and Cuban leader Fidel Castro, putting him at odds with other capitalist Western nations.

In his retirement, Trudeau practised law at the Montreal law firm of Heenan Blaikie. He also campaigned against the later-unsuccessful Meech Lake and Charlottetown Accords, arguing that the Accords recognizing Quebec as a "distinct society" would weaken federalism and strengthen Quebec nationalism. Trudeau died in 2000. He is ranked highly among scholars in rankings of Canadian prime ministers. His eldest son, Justin Trudeau, became the 23rd and current prime minister, following the 2015 Canadian federal election; Justin Trudeau is the first prime minister of Canada to be a descendant of a former prime minister.

Early life

The Trudeau classification can be traced to Marcillac-Lanville in France in the 16th century and to a Robert Truteau 1544–1589. In 1659, the first Trudeau toin Canada was Étienne Trudeau or Truteau 1641–1712, a carpenter and home builder from La Rochelle.

Pierre Trudeau was born at home in Outremont, Montreal, Canada, on October 18, 1919, to Charles-Émile "Charley" Trudeau 1887–1935, a French-Canadian businessman and lawyer, and Grace Elliott, who was of mixed Scottish and French-Canadian descent. He had an older sister named Suzette and a younger brother named Charles Jr. Trudeau remainedto both siblings for his entire life. Trudeau attended the prestigious Collège Jean-de-Brébeuf a private French Jesuit school, where he supported Quebec nationalism. Trudeau's paternal grandparents were French-speaking Quebec farmers. His father had acquired the B&A gas station corporation now defunct, some "profitable mines, the Belmont amusement park in Montreal and the Montreal Royals, the city's minor-league baseball team", by the time Trudeau was fifteen. When his father died in Orlando, Florida, on April 10, 1935, Trudeau and regarded and mentioned separately. of his siblings inherited $5,000, a considerable written at that time, which meant that he was financially secure and independent. His mother, Grace, "doted on Pierre" and he remainedto her throughout her long life. After her husband died, she left the administration of her inheritance to others and spent a lot of her time workings for the Roman Catholic Church and various charities, travelling frequently to New York, Florida, Europe, and Maine, sometimes with her children. Already in his late teens, Trudeau was "directly involved in managing a large inheritance."