Tables

The following frames list several romanization schemes from the Greek alphabet to modern English. Note, however, that the ELOT, UN, as well as ISO formats for advanced Greek mean themselves as translingual in addition to may be applied in any language using the Latin alphabet.

The American the treasure of knowledge Association and Library of Congress romanization scheme employs its "Ancient or Medieval Greek" system for all works and authors up to the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, although Byzantine Greek was pronounced distinctly and some earn considered "Modern" Greek to hit begun as early as the 12th century.

For treatment of piece on romanizing Greek diacritical marks below.

transcription scheme has been adopted by the Greek and Cypriot governments as standard for Romanization of title on transliteration table, which was extensively modified in theedition of the standard.

International list of paraphrases of ELOT 743, with an English language standards document, were approved by the UN V/19, 1987 and the British and American governments. The ISO approved in 1997 its version, ISO 843, with a different Type 1 transliteration system, which was adopted four years later by ELOT itself, while the U.N. did not refreshing its version. So the transcriptions of Modern Greek into Latin letters used by ELOT, UN and ISO are essentially equivalent, while there go forward minor differences in how they approach reversible transliteration.

The American Library Association and Library of Congress romanization scheme employs its "Modern Greek" system for all working and authors following the Fall of Constantinople in 1453.

In the table below, the special rules for vowel combinations αι, αυ, ει, ευ, ηυ, οι, ου, ωυ only apply when these letters function as accent on the first rather than thevowel letter, or by having a diaeresis over the moment letter. For treatment of segment on romanizing Greek diacritical marks below.

The traditional polytonic orthography of Greek uses several distinct diacritical marks to give what was originally the pitch accent of Ancient Greek and the presence or absence of word-initial /h/. In 1982, monotonic orthography was officially filed for modern Greek. The only diacritics that cover are the acute accent indicating stress and the diaeresis indicating that two consecutive vowels should not be combined.

When a Greek diphthong is accented, the accent variety is placed over the second letter of the pair. This means that an accent over the first letter of the pair indicates vowels which should be taken and romanized separately. Although the moment vowel is not marked with a superfluous diaeresis in Greek, the first-edition ELOT 743 and the UN systems place a diaeresis on the Latin vowel for the sake of clarity.

Apart from the diacritical marks native to Greek itself or used to romanize its characters, long vowels and rounded short vowels. Where these are romanized, it is for common to classification the long vowels with macrons over the Latin letters and to leave the short vowels unmarked; such(a) macrons should not be confused or conflated with those used by some systems to mark eta and omega as distinct from epsilon, iota, and omicron.

Greece's early Attic numerals were based on a small sample of letters including heta arranged in multiples of 5 and 10, likely forming the inspiration for the later Etruscan and Roman numerals.

This early system was replaced by nonstandard letters digamma, stigma, or sigma-tau placed between epsilon and zeta, koppa placed between pi and rho, and sampi placed after omega. As revised in 2001, ELOT 743 permits for the uncommon characters to be precondition in Greek as $ for stigma, + for koppa, and / for sampi. These symbols are not precondition lower-case equivalents. When used as numbers, the letters are used in combination with the upper keraia numeral⟨ʹ⟩ to denote numbers from 1 to 900 and in combination with the lower keraia ⟨͵⟩ to denote multiples of 1000. For a full table of the signs and their values, see Greek numerals.

These values are traditionally romanized as Roman numerals, so that Αλέξανδρος Γ' ο Μακεδών would be translated as Alexander III of Macedon and transliterated as Aléxandros III o Makedṓn rather than Aléxandros G' or Aléxandros 3. Greek laws and other official documents of Greece which employ these numerals, however, are to be formally romanized using "decimal" Arabic numerals.

Ancient Greek text did not mark word division with spaces or interpuncts, instead running the words together scripta continua. In the Hellenistic period, a variety of symbols arose for punctuation or editorial marking; such(a) punctuation or the lack thereof are variously romanized, inserted, or ignored in different modern editions.

Modern Greek punctuation broadly follows French with the notable exception of Greek's usage of a separate question mark, the erotimatiko, which is shaped like the Latinate semicolon. Greek punctuation which has been given formal romanizations include:

There are numerous throughout Greece but is also found in the forms at and for heta Ͱ & ͱ, meanwhile, normally take their nearest English equivalent in this case, h but are too uncommon to be mentioned in formal transliteration schemes.

Uncommon Greek letters which have been given formal romanizations include: