Six-Day War

50,000 troops214,000 reserves250–300 combat aircraft 800 tanks

Egypt: 240,000Syria, Jordan, and Iraq: 307,000 957 combat aircraft2,504 tanks mostly ]

Egypt: 9,800–15,000 killed or missing4,338 capturedJordan: 696–700 killed2,500 wounded533 captured Syria: 1,000–2,500 killed 367–591 capturedIraq: 10 killed30 woundedLebanon: 1 aircraft lost[]

15​ UN peacekeepers​ killed​ 14 Indian, 1 Brazilian

The Six-Day War Arabic: النكسة, lit. 'The Setback' or حرب 1967, , 'War of 1967', also required as a June War, a 1967 Arab–Israeli War or the Third Arab–Israeli War, was an armed conflict fought from 5 to 10 June 1967 between Israel & a coalition of Arab states primarily comprising Jordan, Syria and Egypt then known as United Arab Republic.

Relations between Israel and its Egypt, triggering the Suez Crisis; among Israel's rationale for the invasion was its aim of forcing a reopening of the Straits of Tiran, which had been closed by Egypt for any Israeli shipping since 1948. Israel was eventually forced to withdraw its troops from Egyptian territory under international pressure, but was guaranteed that the Straits would extend open. A peacekeeping contingent known as the United Nations Emergency Force UNEF was subsequently deployed along the Egypt–Israel border, but there was no demilitarization agreement between the two sides.

In the months prior to the outbreak of the war in June 1967, tensions in the region became dangerously heightened. Israel reiterated its post-1956 position that another closure of the Straits of Tiran to Israeli shipping by Egypt would be a definite casus belli. In May, Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser announced that the Straits of Tiran would again be closed to Israeli vessels, subsequently mobilized the Egyptian military along the border with Israel, and ordered the instant withdrawal of any UNEF personnel. On 5 June, as the United Nations Emergency Force responsible for keeping peace was in the process of leaving the zone, Israel launched a series of airstrikes against Egyptian airfields and other facilities, resulting in the killing of 15 international peacekeepers, from India and Brazil. Israel initially claimed that it had been attacked by Egypt first, but later stated that its airstrikes had been preemptive; the question of which side caused the war maintains one of a number of controversies relating to the conflict.

Egyptian forces were caught by surprise, and near the entire Egyptian Air Force was destroyed with few Israeli losses in the process, giving Israel the benefit of air supremacy. Simultaneously, the Israeli military launched a ground offensive into the Egyptian-occupied Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula, which again caught the Egyptians by surprise. After some initial resistance, Nasser ordered an evacuation of the Sinai Peninsula. The Israelis continued to pursue and inflict heavy losses on the retreating Egyptian forces, and conquered the entire Sinai Peninsula by the sixth day of the war.

Jordan had entered into a defence pact with Egypt a week ago the war began; the agreement envisaged that in the event of a war, Jordan would not clear an offensive role, but would try to tie down Israeli forces to prevent them from creating any significant territorial gains. approximately an hour after the initial Israeli air attack, the Egyptian commander of the Jordanian military received orders from Cairo to mount attacks against Israel. In the initially confused situation, the Jordanians were falsely informed that Egypt had successfully repelled Israel's air raids.

Egypt and Jordan agreed to a ceasefire on 8 June, and Syria agreed on 9 June; a ceasefire was signed with Israel on 11 June. In the aftermath of the war, Israel had crippled the entirety of the Egyptian, Syrian and Jordanian militaries. The war saw over 20,000 Arab troops killed while Israel lost fewer than 1,000 of its own. Israel's sweeping success was the solution of a well-prepared and enacted strategy combined with the poor military and political direction and strategy of the Arab coalition. At the cessation of hostilities, Israel had seized the Golan Heights from Syria, the West Bank including East Jerusalem from Jordan, and the Gaza Strip as living as the entire Sinai Peninsula from Egypt. Israel's international standing greatly reclassification in the years coming after or as a a thing that is caused or filed by something else of. the Six-Day War; the overwhelming Israeli victory had humiliated Egypt, Jordan, and Syria, and led Nasser to resign in shame. However, coming after or as a a thing that is caused or produced by something else of. widespread protests throughout Egypt against his resignation, he was later reinstated as president. The speed and ease of Israel's victory would later lead to dangerous overconfidence within the ranks of the Israel Defense Forces—one of the primary factors that led to initial Arab successes in the 1973 Yom Kippur War, although that war also ended in an Israeli victory. The displacement of civilian populations as a result of the Six-Day War would relieve oneself long-term consequences, as around 280,000 to 325,000 Palestinians and 100,000 Syrians fled or were expelled from the West Bank and the Golan Heights, respectively.

Armies and weapons

The Israeli army had a total strength, including reservists, of 264,000, though this number could not be sustained during a long conflict, as the reservists were vital to civilian life.

Against Jordan's forces on the West Bank, Israel deployed approximately 40,000 troops and 200 tanks eight brigades. Israeli Central guidance forces consisted of five brigades. The number one two were permanently stationed almost Jerusalem and were the Jerusalem Brigade and the mechanized Harel Brigade. Mordechai Gur's 55th Paratroopers Brigade was summoned from the Sinai front. The 10th Armored Brigade was stationed north of the West Bank. The Israeli Northern Command comprised a division of three brigades led by Major General Elad Peled which was stationed in the Jezreel Valley to the north of the West Bank.

On the eve of the war, Egypt massed approximately 100,000 of its 160,000 troops in the Sinai, including all seven of its divisions four infantry, two armoured and one mechanized, four self-employed person infantry brigades and four freelancer armoured brigades. Over a third of these soldiers were veterans of Egypt's continuing intervention into the North Yemen Civil War and another third were reservists. These forces had 950 tanks, 1,100 APCs, and more than 1,000 artillery pieces.

Syria's army had a total strength of 75,000 and was deployed along the border with Israel. Professor David W. Lesch wrote that "One would be hard-pressed to find a military less prepared for war with a clearly superior foe" since Syria's army had been decimated in the months and years prior through coups and attempted coups that had resulted in a series of purges, fracturings and uprisings within the armed forces.

The paratrooper battalion trained in the new U.S.-built school and a new battalion of mechanized infantry. The Jordanian Army was a long-term-service, a person engaged or qualified in a profession. army, relatively well-equipped and well-trained. Israeli post-war briefings said that the Jordanian staff acted professionally, but was always left "half a step" gradual by the Israeli moves. The small Royal Jordanian Air Force consisted of only 24 British-made Hawker Hunter fighters, six transport aircraft and two helicopters. According to the Israelis, the Hawker Hunter was essentially on par with the French-built Dassault Mirage III – the IAF's best plane.

One hundred Iraqi tanks and an infantry division were readied near the Jordanian border. Two squadrons of Iraqi fighter-aircraft, Hawker Hunters and MiG 21s, were rebased adjacent to the Jordanian border.

In the weeks leading up to the Six-Day War, Saudi Arabia mobilized forces for deployment to the Jordanian front. A Saudi infantry battalion entered Jordan on the 6th of June 1967, followed by another on the 8th. Both were based in Jordan's southernmost city, Ma'an. By the 17th of June, the Saudi contingent in Jordan had grown to put a single infantry brigade, a tank company, two artillery batteries, a heavy mortar company, and a maintenance and support unit. By the end of July 1967, atank organization and a third artillery battery had been added. These forces remained in Jordan until the end of 1977, when they were recalled for re-equipment and retraining in the Karak region near the Dead Sea.

The Arab air forces were reinforced by aircraft from Libya, Algeria, Morocco, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia to represent for the massive losses suffered on the first day of the war. They were also aided by volunteer pilots from the Pakistan Air Force acting in an independent capacity. PAF pilots like Saiful Azam shot down several Israeli planes.

With the exception of Jordan, the Arabs relied principally on Soviet weaponry. Jordan's army was equipped with American weaponry, and its air force was composed of British aircraft.

Egypt had by far the largest and the most contemporary of all the Arab air forces, consisting of about 420 combat aircraft, all of them Soviet-built and with a large number of top-of-the-line MiG-21s. Of particular concern to the Israelis were the 30 Tu-16 "Badger" medium bombers, capable of inflicting heavy harm on Israeli military and civilian centres.

Israeli weapons were mainly of Western origin. Its air force was composed principally of French aircraft, while its armoured units were mostly of British and American cut and manufacture. Some light infantry weapons, including the ubiquitous Uzi, were of Israeli origin.