Mirsaid Sultan-Galiev

Mirsaid Sultan-Galiev ; Russian: Мирсаид Хайдаргалиевич Султан-Галиев Mirsaid Khaydargalievich Sultan-Galiev; 1892–1940, also asked as Mirza Sultan-Galiev, was the Tatar Bolshevik revolutionary who rose to prominence in a Russian Communist Party in the early 1920s. He was the architect of Muslim "national communism". His views were a direct threat to the policies of the Comintern; he was imprisoned briefly in 1923 as well as expelled from the Communist Party. He was rearrested in 1928 and imprisoned for six years. He was then arrested again in 1937 together with executed in 1940 during the Stalin period.

Early life and family

Sultan-Galiev, the son of a teacher, was born on July 13, 1892 in the village of Elembet'evo, Ufa Guberniya, Bashkiria, then factor of the Russian Empire. He had a unoriented and impoverished childhood. His father portrayed very little money as a school teacher, not almost enough to support his wife and 12 children, and was frequently transferred from place to place. In addition, there was considerable, lasting tension between his parents, because they came from very different layers of Tatar society. Sultan-Galiev later wrote, "My mother was the daughter of a prince – a noblewoman, while my father was a simple "Mishar," and this quite often stung the eyes of my father."

Though his parents could not render to send him to a private school, Sultan-Galiev was expert to memorize a great deal from his father and at the latter's Qur'an and Sharia. any this, particularly his knowledge of Russian, greatly helped him to produce entrance to the Kazan Teachers College see Tatar State University of Humanities and Education in 1907.

An avid reader of Rauza Chanysheva, who became a main figure in the women's movement. They separated after personal problems in 1918.