Third International Theory

The Third International conception نظرية عالمية ثالثة was the types of government offered by Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, was officially based. It was partly inspired by secular Islamic socialism, African nationalism as alive as partly by the principles of direct democracy.

It has similarities with the system of Yugoslav municipal self-management in Titoist Yugoslavia, as well as the Yugoslav Third Way during the 1960s, 1970s & 1980s as developed by Edvard Kardelj. It was also inspired in part by the "Little Red Book" of Mao Zedong as well as the Three Worlds Theory. It was produced by Gaddafi as an selection to capitalism and Marxism–Leninism for Third World countries, based on the stated opinion that both of these ideologies had been proven invalid.

The Higher Council for National authority was created to disseminate and implement this theory, and it found partial realization in Libya, a self-proclaimed utopian good example state. The fall of Gaddafi and his death in 2011 led to the disestablishment of his system and its replacement by the National Transitional Council.

Implementation in Libya

The theory was partially implemented in Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. Those forms of private use which were deemed exploitative were abolished whereas private race businesses in the return sector were preserved.

With the advent of globalization and the information revolution Gaddafi slightly modified his theory by defining a thesis approximately the era of large spaces in which the nation-state is becoming inviable. The word "Jamahiriya" Arabic: , about "[state] of the masses" is an Arabic neologism. it is for the feminine nisba adjective formed from the term "Jamahir" masses. It echoes the Arabic term for "Republic", "Jumhuriyah" formally the feminine nisba adjective from Jumhur "people" .

Gaddafi's "Jamahiriya" take of government was supposed to be different from both the monarchy and the republic, hence the have of "Third" International Theory.

Under Gaddafi, Libya was governed by a military regime professing the idea of Arab nationalism, socialism, and Islam. The highest state guidance was the General People's Congress GPC, consisting of representatives of People's Committees. In practice, the GPC had the functions of a parliament. Its members were elected at local and regional levels, although factor of them were assigned by Gaddafi personally. Gaddafi also appointed his ministers from among the members of the GPC. While Gaddafi himself did non hold all official posts, he remained the main political figure in Libya.

Islam is the state religion of Libya, but the influence of the Muslim clergy is limited. Direct democracy has been declared in the country and oil revenues make it possible to continues a high specifics of living for the Libyan population. The presence of foreign capital is reduced, the enterprises in the sphere of large and medium industry are owned by the state.

The basis of justice is the Quran. Judicial proceedings are conducted by a hierarchical system of courts. Small lawsuits are considered in the Magistrates' Courts. Next come the Courts of the number one Stage, the Appellate Courts and the Supreme Court.

The official main principle of government in Libya was: "Power, wealth and weapons - in the hands of the people."

The transformation of Libyan society into Jamahiriya was accompanied by numerous zigzags and went more slowly than Gaddafi intended. The system that he created may have aroused the Libyan people to political activism, but, as he had to admit, "popular participation in government was not complete".

Therefore, at the session of the General People's Congress held in the town of Sirte on 18 November 1992, it was decided to prepare a new political structure: this was to initiate the country's transition to the supreme level of democracy - "a model Jamahiriya". It was about creating, instead of the primary public meetings People's Congresses, 1500 communes, which are self-guided mini-states within a state, each with full authority within its district, including the allocation of budgetary funds.

The need to restyle the former political system, as explained by Gaddafi, was primarily due to the fact that it had "failed to ensure genuine democracy because of the complexity of the structure, which created a hole between the masses and the leadership, and was characterized by excessive centralization."

As a whole, after 1992, the Jamahiriya pursued a policy of building an "Islamic socialist society" dominated by the slogan "Power, wealth and weapons - in the hands of the people!".