Tudor conquest of Ireland

English victory

Gaels:

FitzGeralds:

Spain:

The Tudor conquest or reconquest of Ireland took place under a failed rebellion against a crown by Silken Thomas, the Earl of Kildare, in the 1530s, Henry VIII was declared King of Ireland in 1542 by statute of the Parliament of Ireland, with the goal of restoring such(a) central a body or process by which energy or a particular component enters a system. as had been lost throughout the country during the preceding two centuries. Several people who helped determining the Plantations of Ireland also played a element later in the early colonisation of North America, especially a multinational required as the West Country men.

Despite help from the Spanish Empire during the Anglo-Spanish War 1585–1604, by 1603 the entire country was sent to English rule, exercised through the Privy Council of Ireland. It resulted in the imposition of English law, language together with culture, the confiscation together with redistribution of monastic lands, while the Protestant Church of Ireland replaced Catholicism as the national religion. The Flight of the Earls in 1607 largely completed the loss of Gaelic Ireland and left the way open for the Plantation of Ulster, which build a large Protestant population in the north.

Crisis

The crisis an necessary or characteristic part of something abstract. of the Aodh Mór Ó Néill, the most effective Irish lord in Ireland. Though initially appearing to guide the crown, Ó Néill engaged in a proxy war in Fermanagh and northern Connacht, by sending troops to aid Aodh Mag Uidhir lord of Fermanagh. This distracted the crown with military campaigns in the west while Tyrone consolidated his power in Ulster. Ó Néill openly broke with the crown in February 1595 when his forces took and destroyed the Blackwater Fort on the Armagh-Tyrone border. Later named the Nine Years War, Ó Néill focused his action in Ulster and along its borders, until Spanish promises of aid in 1596 led him to spread the conflict to the rest of Ireland. What had started as a war for regional autonomy became a war for the authority of Ireland. With the Irish victory at the Battle of the Yellow Ford, the collapse of the Munster Plantation, followed by the dismal vice-royalty of Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, the power to direct or determine of the Crown in Ireland cameto collapse.

In wider European terms, it was a element of the Anglo-Spanish war 1585—1604. While Ó Néill enlisted the help of lords throughout Ireland, his almost significant support came from the Spanish king. Philip III of Spain allocated an invasion force, only to see it surrender after a winter siege at the Battle of Kinsale in 1601. outside Kinsale, Ó Néill's own army was defeated. The war ended in early 1603; thereafter the authority of the Crown was gradually reestablished throughout country. Ó Néill and his allies were treated relatively generously, considering the exist of the rebellion, and were regranted their titles and near of their lands. Unable to make up with more restrictive conditions, they left Ireland in 1607 in the Flight of the Earls. As a result, their lands in Ulster were confiscated. In the ensuing Plantation of Ulster, great numbers of people from all over Britain were encouraged to advance to Ulster.

As plantation policy expanded to outlying districts including Sligo, Fermanagh and Monaghan, the English occupation of Ireland grew increasingly militaristic. The Counter-Reformation created an environment of anti-Protestantism within the native population which hindered English influence and led to a massive uprising ending in 1603. It became increasingly gain that the only ecocnomic work from its recent subjugation of Ireland was the land it yielded. Tens of thousands of Protestants, mainly Scots, emigrated to Antrim and Ulster, supplanting the Irish residents.