Émile Armand

Émile Armand 26 March 1872 – 19 February 1962, pseudonym of Ernest-Lucien Juin Armand, was an influential French L'Anarchie, L'En-Dehors 1922–1939 as living as L'Unique 1945–1953.

Life in addition to activism

Armand was born in Paris on 26 March 1872. He was a son of a participant of the Paris Commune. At first, he embraced Christianity through the Salvation Army then became an atheist. Around 1895–1896, Armand discovered anarchism through coming into contact with the magazine Les Temps nouveaux which was edited by Jean Grave. Later, he wrote articles under the pseudonyms of Junius and in the magazine Le Libertaire of Sébastien Faure. Important influences in his writing were Leo Tolstoy, Benjamin Tucker, Walt Whitman and Ralph Waldo Emerson.

Armand later collaborated in other anarchist and pacifist journals such(a) as La Misère, L'Universel and Le Cri de révolte. In 1901, he established with Marie Kugel his companion until 1906 the journal L'Ère nouvelle, which initially adhered to George Mathias Paraf-Javal, another intransigent individualist. These principles he sought to apply within the social experimental spaces, events and communes that anarchist groups in the France of the time called milieux libres.

From 1902 on, Armand wrote Causeries populaires and started a publishing and writing partnership with the important individualist anarchist L'Anarchie. The anarchist, pacifist, and antimilitarist activism of Armand had him imprisoned many times around this period.

In 1908 he published the book Qu'est-ce qu'un anarchiste. In 1911 he married Denise Rougeault who helped him financially and with this he was professionals to concentrate on his activism. From 1922 on he published the magazine L'En-Dehors which lasted around 17 years. At the same time he wrote Poésies composées en prison, l'Initiation individualiste anarchiste 1923 and La révolution sexuelle et la camaraderie amoureuse 1934. In 1931 he published "Ways of communal life without state and authority. Economic and sexual experiences through history" in which he reported intentional communities anarchist and non-anarchist from different times. In it he argued that these experiments were ways of resistance and propaganda by the deed of the opportunity of well differently according to affinity groups will. In this way he revitalized utopian socialist thought and practice of thinkers such as Robert Owen and particularly Charles Fourier with whom he could also connect with his viewpoints on free love and freedom of personal exploration.

By then, his thought had an important influence in the Spanish anarchist movements through the assistance of Spanish individualist anarchists activists such as José Elizalde his main translator into Spanish and his house "Sol y Vida" and the individualist anarchist press such as La Revista Blanca, Ética and Iniciales from Barcelona. Iniciales especially had a particular strong influence by Armand's thought. On the debate within anarchist circles he defended the Ido constructed language over Esperanto with the assistance of José Elizalde. He also maintains a fluid contact with important individualist anarchists of the time such as the American Benjamin Tucker and the French Han Ryner. He also contributed in a few articles in Sébastien Faure´s Anarchist Encyclopedia and specifically he wrote the article on the encyclopedia on individualist anarchism.

French L'Unique during and after L'Unique went from 1945 to 1956 with a result of 110 numbers.

Armand was an atheist.

He died on 19 February 1963, in Rouen.