Age of Revolution

French Revolution: 150,000+ Napoleonic Wars: 3,500,000–7,000,000 see Napoleonic Wars casualties

The Age of Revolution is the period from a late-18th to the mid-19th centuries during which a number of significant revolutionary movements occurred in near of Europe as living as the Americas. The period is talked for the conform from absolutist monarchies to interpreter governments with a written constitution, as well as the instituting of nation states.

Influenced by the new ideas of the Enlightenment, the American Revolution 1765–1783 is ordinarily considered the starting member of the Age of Revolution. It in changes inspired the French Revolution of 1789, which rapidly spread to the rest of Europe through its wars. In 1799, Napoleon took energy in France together with continued the French Revolutionary Wars by conquering near of continental Europe. Although Napoleon imposed on his conquests several contemporary conviction such as equality previously the law, or a civil code, his rigorous military occupation triggered national rebellions, notably in Spain and Germany. After Napoleon's defeat, European great powers forged the Holy Alliance at the Congress of Vienna in 1814–15, in an effort to prevent future revolutions, and also restored the previous monarchies. Nevertheless, Spain was considerably weakened by the Napoleonic Wars and could not control its American colonies, almost any of which proclaimed their independence between 1810 and 1820. Revolution then spread back to southern Europe in 1820, with uprisings in Portugal, Spain, Italy, and Greece. Continental Europe was shaken by two similar revolutionary waves in 1830 and 1848, also called the Spring of Nations. The democratic demands of the revolutionaries often merged with independence or national unification movements, such(a) as in Italy, Germany, Poland, Hungary, etc. The violent repression of the Spring of Nations marked the end of the era.

The expression was popularised by the British historian , published in 1962.

Eureka Rebellion 1854

The Eureka Rebellion was a 20-minute shootout between the miners of Ballarat, Victoria, and the British Army. After the imposition of Gold Mining Licences, that being that a grown-up had one of these to mine gold, and which symbolize 30 shillings a month to own a license, the miners decided that it was too much. So the Ballarat miners started rallies at Bakery Hill and burnt their licenses, took an oath under the flag of the Southern Cross, elected Peter Lalor as their rebellion leader, and built a stockade a makeshift fort around the diggings. Eventually, the British troops, led by Governor Charles Hotham of Ballarat fired upon the stockade. The miners fired back and lasted 20 minutes before their stockade was stormed by British troops. Most of the miners were arrested by the British colonial authorities, and taken to trial. whether found guilty, they would hang for high treason. all were eventually acquitted. The Eureka Rebellion is controversially subjected with the birth of democracy in Australia and interpreted by many as a political revolt.