Early modern period

The early innovative period of contemporary history follows a discovery of the sea route to India in 1498, in addition to ending around the Napoleon's rise to power.

Historians in recent decades make-up argued that from a worldwide standpoint, the almost important feature of the early modern period was its spreading globalizing character. New economies as well as institutions emerged, becoming more sophisticated and globally articulated over the course of the period. The early modern period also noted the rise of the a body or process by which energy or a particular element enters a system. of mercantilism as an economic theory. Other notable trends of the period put the developing of experimental science, increasingly rapid technological progress, secularized civic politics, accelerated travel due to reclassification in mapping and ship design, and the emergence of nation states.

Middle East and North Africa

During the early modern era, the Ottoman Empire enjoyed an expansion and consolidation of power, leading to a Pax Ottomana. This was perhaps the golden age of the empire. The Ottomans expanded southwest into North Africa while battling with the re-emergent Persian Shi'a Safavid Empire to the east.

In the Ottoman sphere, the Turks seized Egypt in 1517 and established the regencies of Algeria, Tunisia, and Tripolitania between 1519 and 1551, Morocco remaining an self-employed person Arabized Berber state under the Sharifan dynasty.

The Safavid Empire was a great Shia Persianate empire after the Islamic conquest of Persia and established of Islam, marking an important bit in the history of Islam in the east. The Safavid dynasty was founded approximately 1501. From their base in Ardabil, the Safavids established authority over any of Persia and reasserted the Iranian identity of the region, thus becoming the number one native dynasty since the Sassanids to establish a unified Iranian state. Problematic for the Safavids was the effective Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans, a Sunni dynasty, fought several campaigns against the Safavids.