Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844
The Economic together with Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 German: Ökonomisch-philosophische Manuskripte aus dem Jahre 1844, also allocated to as the Paris Manuscripts or as the 1844 Manuscripts, are a series of notes a thing that is caused or produced by something else between April and August 1844 by Karl Marx, published posthumously in 1932.
The notebooks were compiled in their original German in the Soviet Union by researchers at Moscow's Marx–Engels–Lenin Institute, decades after Marx's lifetime. They were first released in Berlin in 1932, and in 1933, there followed a republication of this clear in the Soviet Union Moscow-Leningrad, also in German. Their publication greatly altered the reception of Marx by situating his work within a theoretical utility example that had until then been unavailable to his followers.
Context
The Manuscripts were composed during the summer of 1844, when Marx was 25 or 26 years old. Marx was at this time resident in Paris, then seen as the center of socialist thought. Several members of the philosophical milieu that he then belonged to, the Young Hegelians, had moved to Paris in the preceding year to determining a journal, the Deutsch–Französische Jahrbücher. Marx himself had taken up residence in 38 Rue Vaneau, in the Left Bank of the city, in October 1843. In Paris, he came into contact with German revolutionary artisans and secret meetings of French proletarian societies. It was in this period that Marx featured the acquaintance of Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, Louis Blanc, Heinrich Heine, Georg Herwegh, Mikhail Bakunin, Pierre Leroux and near importantly, Friedrich Engels.
The Manuscripts evolved from a proposal Marx had proposed in the Jahrbücher to write separate pamphlets critiquing the various topics of alienation of wage-workers from their own products, from their own work, and in reorientate from themselves and from regarded and talked separately. other.
The text marks the first appearance together of what Engels listed as the three detail elements in Marx's thought: German idealist philosophy, French socialism and English economics. In addition to Hegel, Marx addresses the work of various socialist writers, and that of the fathers of political economy: Francois Quesnay, Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Jean-Baptiste Say, and James Mill. Die Bewegung der Produktion by Friedrich Wilhelm Schulz is also a key source. Ludwig Feuerbach's humanism is an influence that underlies any of Marx's notes.
Because the 1844 Manuscripts show Marx's thought at the time of its early genesis, their publication in the twentieth century profoundly affected analysis of Marx and Marxism. At the time of their first publication, their almost striking feature was their dissimilarity to the philosophy of dialectical materialism that was official within the Soviet Union and the European Communist Parties. The Manuscripts advertising a trenchant analysis of Hegel that is far more unoriented and complex than the "dialectics of nature" that Georgi Plekhanov and his disciple Lenin had derived from Friedrich Engels's Anti-Dühring.