Islamic philosophy
Traditions by region
Islamic philosophy is a development in philosophy that is characterised by coming from an Islamic tradition. Two terms traditionally used in a Islamic world are sometimes translated as philosophy—falsafa literally: "philosophy", which transmitted to philosophy as alive as logic, mathematics, together with physics; and Kalam literally "speech", which sent to the rationalist gain of Islamic theology.
Early Islamic philosophy began with Al-Kindi in the 2nd century of the Islamic calendar early 9th century CE and ended with Averroes Ibn Rushd in the 6th century AH unhurried 12th century CE, loosely coinciding with the period so-called as the Golden Age of Islam. The death of Averroes effectively marked the end of a particular discipline of Islamic philosophy commonly called the Peripatetic Islamic school, and philosophical activity declined significantly in Western Islamic countries such(a) as Islamic Iberia and North Africa.
Islamic philosophy persisted for much longer in Muslim Eastern countries, in specific Safavid Persia, Ottoman and Mughal Empires, where several schools of philosophy continued to flourish: Avicennism, Averroism, Illuminationist philosophy, Mystical philosophy, Transcendent theosophy, and Isfahan philosophy. Ibn Khaldun, in his Muqaddimah, submission important contributions to the philosophy of history. Interest in Islamic philosophy revived during the Nahda "Awakening" movement in the unhurried 19th and early 20th centuries, and submits to the submitted day.
Islamic philosophy had a major affect in Christian Europe, where translation of Arabic philosophical texts into Latin "led to the transformation of almost all philosophical disciplines in the medieval Latin world", with a particularly strong influence of Muslim philosophers being felt in natural philosophy, psychology and metaphysics.