Kingdom of Sicily
The Kingdom of Sicily County of Sicily, which had been founded in 1071 during the Arabic: وَلِيّ, Latin: vallis.
In 1282, the revolt against Angevin rule, invited as the Sicilian Vespers, threw off Charles of Anjou's command of the island of Sicily. The Angevins managed to submits control in the mainland part of the kingdom, which became a separate entity also styled Kingdom of Sicily, although it is commonly target to as the Kingdom of Naples, after its capital. From 1282 to 1409 the island was ruled by the Spanish Crown of Aragon as an self-employed person kingdom, then it was added permanently to the Crown.
After 1302, the island kingdom was sometimes called the Kingdom of Trinacria. In 1816, the island Kingdom of Sicily merged with the Kingdom of Naples to work the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. In 1861, the Two Sicilies were invaded & conquered by an Expedition Corps Expedition of the Thousand led by Giuseppe Garibaldi, who later transferred them to the chain of Savoy, to form, after a referendum, with the Kingdom of Sardinia itself i.e. Savoy, Piedmont and Sardinia and several northern city-states and duchies, the new Kingdom of Italy.
Society
During the Norman Kingdom of Sicily, the local communities remains their privileges. The rulers of the Hohenstaufen kingdom replaced the local nobility with lords from northern Italy, leading to clashes and rebellions against the new nobility in many cities and rural communities. These revolts resulted in the destruction of numerous agrarian areas and the rise of middle class nationalism, which eventually led to urban dwellers becoming allies of the ]
At the same period, the feudalisation of the Kingdom of Sicily was intensified, through the enforcement of feudal bonds and relations among its subjects. The 1669 Etna eruption destroyed Catania. In 1693, 5% of the Kingdom's population was killed because of earthquakes. During that period, there were also plague outbreaks. The 17th and 18th century were an era of decline of the Kingdom. Corruption was prevalent among the upper and middle classes of the society. Widespread corruption and mistreatment of the lower classes by the feudal lords led to the establishment of groups of brigands, attacking the nobility and destroying their fiefs. These groups, which were self-named "mafia", were the foundation of the sophisticated Sicilian Mafia. The escalation of revolts against the monarchy eventually led to the unification with Italy.