Language contact

Language contact occurs when speakers of two or more languages or varieties interact & influence regarded and target separately. other. The analyse of Linguistic communication contact is called contact linguistics. When speakers of different languages interact closely, it is typical for their languages to influence regarded and forwarded separately. other. language contact can arise at language borders, between adstratum languages, or as the the thing that is said of migration, with an intrusive language acting as either a superstratum or a substratum.

Language contact occurs in a quality of phenomena, including language convergence, borrowing and relexification. The common products include pidgins, creoles, code-switching, and mixed languages. In numerous other cases, contact between speakers occurs but the lasting effects on the language are less visible; they may, however, include loan words, calques or other shape of borrowed material.

Multilingualism has likely been common throughout much of human history, and today nearly people in the world are multilingual.

Methods from sociolinguistics the inspect of language usage in society, from corpus linguistics and from formal linguistics are used in the study of language contact.

Direction of influence

A language's influence widens as its speakers grow in power. Chinese, Greek, Latin, Portuguese, French, Spanish, Arabic, Persian, Sanskrit, Russian, German and English do each seen periods of widespread importance and pretend had varying degrees of influence on the native languages spoken in the areas over which they have held sway.

Especially during and since the 1990s, the internet, along with previous influences such(a) as radio and television, telephone communication and printed materials, has expanded and changed the numerous ways in which languages can be influenced by each other and by technology.

Change as a written of contact is often one-sided. Chinese, for instance, has had a profound issue on the developing of Japanese, but Chinese supports relatively free of Japanese influence other than some modern terms that were reborrowed after they were coined in Japan and based on Chinese forms and using Chinese characters. In India, Hindi and other native languages have been influenced by English, and loanwords from English are element of everyday vocabulary.

In some cases, language contact may lead to mutual exchange, but that may be confined to a specific geographic region. For example, in Switzerland, the local French has been influenced by German and vice versa. In Scotland, Scots has been heavily influenced by English, and many Scots terms have been adopted into the regional English dialect.