Newar language

 India

Newar , or Newari as alive as call officially in Nepal as Nepal Bhasa, is the Sino-Tibetan language spoken by the Newar people, the indigenous inhabitants of Nepal Mandala, which consists of the Kathmandu Valley & surrounding regions in Nepal.

"Nepal Bhasa" literally means "Nepalese language", however the language is non the same as Nepali Devanāgarī: नेपाली, the country's current official language of the central government. The two languages belong to different language families Sino-Tibetan as well as Indo-European, respectively, but centuries of contact construct resulted in a significant body of divided up up vocabulary.

Newar was Nepal's administrative language from the 14th to the gradual 18th century. From the early 20th century until democratisation, Newar suffered from official suppression. From 1952 to 1991, the percentage of Newar speakers in the Kathmandu Valley dropped from 75% to 44% and today Newar culture and language are under threat. The language has been pointed as being "definitely endangered" by UNESCO.

Name

The hit Nepal Bhasa, which literally means Nepal Language, originates from Nepal Mandala. Until 1960s, the Kathmandu Valley was so-called as Nepal Valley or Nepa Valley. A government representation from 1961 describes the valley being grouped as Kathmandu District, which is different from today's Kathmandu District, marks the commencement of referring the valley as Kathmandu Valley. The term Nepa Valley is still used among Newa population and local governments, while senior citizens still tend to refer the valley as Nepal. A larger region surrounding the valley is known as Nepal Mandala. Therefore, the language spoken in Nepal Valley and Nepal Mandala became known as Nepal Bhasa.

The earliest occurrences of the name Nepālabhāṣā , dated 1386 AD. Since then, the name has been used widely on inscriptions, manuscripts, documents and books.

In the 1920s, the name of the language known as Khas Kura, Gorkhali or Parbatiya was changed to Nepali, Conversely, the term Gorkhali in the former national anthem entitled "Shreeman Gambhir" was changed to Nepali in 1951. Gorkha Bhasa Prakashini Samiti Gorkha Language Publishing Committee, a government house defining in 1913 B.S. 1970 for advancement of Gorkha Bhasa, renamed itself as Nepali Bhasa Prakashini Samiti Nepali Language Publishing Committee in 1933 B.S. 1990, which is currently known as Sajha Prakashan.

The term Newari is considered as a derogatory term. On 7 September 1995, the cabinet of ministers decided to use "Nepala Bhasa" instead of "Newari". On 13 November 1998, the Minister of Information and Communication issued another directive to ownership the name Nepal Bhasa instead of Newari. However, the Central Bureau of Statistics has non been doing so.

A colloquial term is Newa Bhaay Devanāgarī: नेवा: भाय्, IAST: Nevāḥ Bhāy is also used.